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Asexual Reproduction in Plants (Budding (It involves the development of a …
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Binary Fission
It involves the longitudinal or transverse splitting of an organism into two equal halves which develop into two separate individuals.
UNICELLULAR: Amoeba and Paramecium in the category of Protozoa.
MULTICELLULAR: Sea Anemones and Planarians
Budding
It involves the development of a small mass of cells as protuberances on the parental body to give rise to new structures called as buds. These buds separate out from the parental body and develop into new individuals.
EXTERNAL BUDDING
INTERNAL BUDDING
Example: Hydra
Fragmentation
It involves breaking of parent organism into two or many fragments. Each fragment develops into an individual organism. Fragmentation is seen in sea stars which accidentally break their body into fragments.
Examples: annelids, turbellarians and some of the poriferans
Regeneration
Regeneration is referred to tissue repair to a normal state. It is the restoration of normal structure and function of the organ. It is actually the replacement of damaged tissue with the same type of cells.
Specialized cells present in the organism can differentiate and grow into a new individual.
Examples: lizards, hydra, planaria etc.
Vegetative Propagation
It is the production of new plants from the vegetative parts of the plant.
Roots, stems and leaves are called the vegetative parts of a plant. Any of these parts serve as vegetative propagules.
ARTIFICIAL
NATURAL
Spore Formation
During unfavourable conditions, the organism develops sac-like structures called sporangium that contain spores. When the conditions are favourable, the sporangium burst opens and spores are released that germinate to give rise to new organisms.
A spore is a small spherical or oval structure which protects the future individual in a thick protective covering.
Example: Fungi