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INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE (CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS (Temporary Loss of…
INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Monitor blood pressure and Heart rate
Monitor hourly diuresis and detect abnormalities
Ensure airway patency
Use Anti-Bedsores
Monitor pupils frequently
Assess the level of consciousness through GCS
DEFINITION
Ruptured blood vessel that causes bleeding in the brain
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Temporary Loss of vision
Seizures
Loss of consciousness
Numbness of the face
Lethargy or confusion
Numbness of the limbs on one side
Headache
CAUSES
Arterovenous malformation
Use of blood thinners
Drug abuse
Bleeding tumours
Ruptured cerebral aneurysm
Bleeding disorders
Head injury/ Trauma
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Large haematomas increase intracranial pressure
Pressure and oedema causes brain herniation
This causes neuronal dysfunction
This compresses the brain stem
Blood accumulates and compress adjacent brain tissues
Causing secondary haemorrhages in the brain
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
Magnetic resonance imaging
Lumbar puncture
Angiogram
CT Scan
MANAGEMENT
Controlling intracranial pressure
Removing cerebrospinal fluid
Reversal of blood thinners
Hyperventilation
Craniotomy
PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
Aminocaproic acid
Nimodipine
Raplixa
Nymalize