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Narrative Thinking by Author (Hazel (Cognitive Tools (From Herman, 2003) …
Narrative Thinking by Author
Polkinghorne
Allows understanding of
Action
Self
Time
Research Function
Descriptive
Interpretive
Tools to study narrative
From history
From literary criticism
From psychology
Components of narrative
Language
Structural
Baboulene, Golding, Moenandar,Van Renssen
You In Motion
Consciousness maps to script
Gap in expectation
Writerly Texts
Barthes’ (1990)
Actively fill gaps by writing new narrative script
Narrative environments
Gubrium and Holstein (2009)
Autonomy
Capacity to distance / Reflect
Metaphor conveys symbolic meaning
Connects narrative to embodied experiences
Role of teachers
Framing bias
Fuchs
All experience / knowledge is mediated to form understanding
An imaginative and figurative process
Science as a representation of experience (natural phenomena)
Model of perception: Feedback loop between perception and conception
Perceptual Units
Scales of Experience
Temporal, Spatial, and Systemic
Small Scale Imaginative Structures
Form image schemas - express in short utterances
Medium-Scale Imaginative Structures
Result from the direct experience of physical, emotional, and social agentive phenomena - Describe in a few short sentences
Large-Scale Imaginative Structures
Resulting from large-scale experience - Expressed in narrative, story or myth
Forces as agentive / Personification
Mythic Stories (from Egan)
Kropman et al
Historical Perspectives
Agent
Commentator
Learner
Bruner (in Kang)
Narrative Tenets
Perspective
Constraints
Way thinking evolved
Our Cultural Tools
Constructivism
Interactional
Four Modes of Narrative :star:
Learning by Imitation
Direct Learning
Learning by Thinking
Learners as Reflective
Hazel
Anatomy of the brain
Hippocampus Encodes Episodic Memory
Narrative a representational form of this interaction
Frontal Lobes creates time-aware consciousness to exploit episodic memory
Narrative and Memory :star:
Episodic Memory
Links form relational networks (schemas) that form basis for human learning
Making meaning the negotiation between existing structures and new experiences
Schema Systems relating to narrative
Script
Story Scheme
Frames
Semantic memory abstracted from links between episodes
Cognitive Tools (From Herman, 2003) :star:
Expressing Cause and Effect
Typification
Chunking
Sequencing Behaviours
Distributing Intelligence
Other Points :star:
Affordances
Context
See text
Structuring Device
Emotional Expression / Satisfaction
Coherence
See text
Narrative gives logico-scientific facts meaning
Assessment of Narratives
Expression of Reality :star:
Personal Identities
Predict / Plan future
Store of Cultural Knowledge / Memory
Narrative as external expression Vs internal mode of thought
Brown et al (2008)
Sensemaking to preserve identity
Narratives for the self
Narratives for others
Narrative Education by Author
Egan
Accommodation of Rational Vs Mythic mind :star:
Tools used by oral cultures
Binary Concepts
Mediation
Mediations between concepts most often made using metaphorical leaps rather than content associations
Children know abstract concepts like love / hate, life / death and all content can be structured made relevant using by them
Rhythm, Rhyme & Patterning
Metaphor
This peculiar ability lies at the heart of human intellectual inventiveness, creativity, and imagination
His interest is how the process of education should recognize the intermingling of these mental toolkits
Children's ability for abstract thinking
Think of teaching as storytelling
Hanna & Kaal
Uses of thinking narrative :star:
As a way of understanding
As a way of creating identity
As a way of engaging other realities
As a way of framing
Conle :star:
Elements of Narrative (from Genette, 1980)
Narrative Statement
Story
Narration
Outcomes of narrative
Advances understanding
Increased Interpretive Competence:
Richer Practical Repertoires
Changes in life
Visions gained
Where to look for outcomes
Moments of Encounter
Acquired Content
Changes in Life
Spectrum of narrative curricula
Didactic and instrumental Orientation
Experiential-Inquiry Orientation
Alterio
Creating storytelling cultures :star:
Moon
Definition
Strong form
Broad form
Promoting Change :star:
Hearing Stories
Content / plot illustrates change
Inspires thinking / action that results in change
Telling Stories
makes sense of something - creating change
Story object of group reflection
Cathartic, resulting in change
Increases self-esteem or emotional insight
Uses
Using own Stories
Of Experience
To develop deeper thinking
Of Self
To help form identity
Using set Stories
To help examine specific moments / incidents
Kang :star:
Possibilities of Narrative Curriculum
Selecting and Organising Content
Educational Objectives
Expressive Objective
Problem Solving Objective
Implementing Teaching Methods
Narrative as Subject Matter
Narrative as Vehicle for Content Delivery
Narrative as Educational Content
Narrative as Educational Viewpoint
Educational Evaluation
Limitations
Teacher Training
Need to appreciate generative values of narrative
Theories of Narrative
Endogenous (Innate)
Plight modelling (Cultural)
Meaning
Contexts
Interpretation
Values & Beliefs
Gudmundsdottir
Story Schema / Narrative Thinking :star:
Curriculum stories (Story-Making)
Pedagogical content knowledge
Shorter stories (Story-Telling)
Dante (1985) Significant Events
Theoretical significance
Consequential significance
Pragmatic significance
Revelatory significance
Andrews et al.
Focusing Mechanisms :star:
Contextualised Situations
Types of Story-Based Instruction
Narrative-Based
Narrative construction of Reality
Embodied, contextual, active dimensions
Emotional intelligence
Problem-Based
Discussion
Meaning-Making
Active Implementation
Some of Proximal Development
Scenario-Based
Goal based Scenarios
Active / Constructivist Learning
Case-Based
Patterns for generalisation
Value of situated learning
Role of Dynamic Memory
Problems
Plots
Lyle
Aspects of Narrative Understanding
How to Organise curriculum
How we make meaning