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SUBDURAL HAEMORRHAGE (CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS (Change in behavior, Dizzine…
SUBDURAL HAEMORRHAGE
CAUSES
Bleeding disorders
Blood vessel malformations
Head injury
Blood thinners
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
MRI
Angiography
CT Scan
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ACUTE
Causing ischemic brain damage by two mechanisms
One, pressure on the cortical blood vessels
Blood accumulation between dura matter layers
Two, Vasoconstriction
External trauma creates tension in the brain layers
The blood is squeezed into dural venous sinuses
CHRONIC
Cerebrospinal fluid leaks to the hematoma cavity
Excessive fibronolysis also causes continous bleeding
Blood accumulates in the dural space
This complication usually resolves on its own
MANAGEMENT
Craniotomy
Infusion of prothrombin complex concentrate
Craniectomy
Twist drill craniostomy
Burr hole trephination
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Assess the patient for pain
Keep the patient's head and neck aligned
Monitor signs of infection
Maintain eurolemia by administering isotonic IV fluids
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Change in behavior
Dizzine
Confusion
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Weakness
Seizures
PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
Factor IX Complex
Ergrometrine
Amicar
Aminocaproic Acid
DEFINITION
Bleeding between the brain and its outermost covering