Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Assessment (Ways of assessment (Commercially available standardized…
Assessment
Ways of assessment
Commercially available standardized tests in the US and PISA and TIMSS. William, D (2010)
Formative assessment, using assessment during teaching rather than at the end of teaching. William, D (2010)
If we want to assess a student’s capability in their mother tongue, we should assess their ability to speak and listen. William, D (2010)
Mathematics involves the ability to explain mathematical reasoning, to design proofs, and to undertake extended investigations of mathematical ideas. William, D (2010)
‘banking’ model of assessment in which once a student has earned a grade for an assignment, they get to keep that grade even if they subsequently forget everything they knew about this topic. William, D (2010)
The alternative system, in which all assessment happens at the end of the course, and is conducted by an external agency. William, D (2010)
Limitations
Using the same assessment for information to serve different functions can bring all of the functions into conflict. Wiliam, D.(2010) :
Campbell's Law: "Assessment system becomes distorted so that the assessment results become less useful indications of what individual students have achieved. Wiliam, D.(2010)
Teaching to the test. Wiliam, D.(2010)
Giving grades and scores from assessments too frequently can cause learning to slow down. Wiliam, D.(2010)
"Assessments only cover a limited and predictable sub-set of the whole area they are meant to cover." Wiliam, D.(2010)
What is Assessment?
-
-
Assessment is the process of gathering and discussing information from multiple and diverse sources in order to develop a deep understanding of what students know, understand, and can do with their knowledge as a result of their educational experiences; the process culminates when assessment results are used to improve subsequent learning.
(Learner-Centered Assessment on College Campuses: shifting the focus from teaching to learning by Huba and Freed 2000)
-
Purposes
Find out what students know prior to lesson. (Baseline) Wiliam, D. (2010)
See what was learned/not learned throughout lesson. Wiliam, D. (2010)
"Bridge between teaching and learning." Wiliam, D. (2010)
Tell you what kind of education students should be receiving.
Wiliam, D. (2010)
Create interaction between teacher and students. Without assessment there would be no interaction. Wiliam, D. (2010)
Hold teachers and schools accountable for what should be taught. Wiliam, D. (2010)
Formative assessments give a faster idea of how students are doing and have a bigger impact on their success. Wiliam, D. (2011).