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congenital conditions of the eye (Trachoma (Prevention (Surgery, Facial…
congenital conditions of the eye
Trachoma
Definition
It is an overtime scarring to the eyelid that pulls the eyelashes inward, so with every blink they scrape against the eye
Causes
The disease thrives where there are water shortages
Poor sanitation
Infestations of flies
Clinical manifestations
Discharge from the eyes
Irritated eyes
Redness
Treatment
Antibiotics, Pfizer
Trichiasis surgery
Cleanliness and hygiene
Prevention
Surgery
Facial hygiene
Environmental improvements
Antibiotics
Microphthalmia
Definition
It is a disorder in which one or both eyes are abnormally small
Causes
Prenatal exposure to teratogens
Infections (TORCH)
Alcohol
Chromosomal or genetic disorders
Clinical manifestations
Clouding of the lens(cataracts)
A gap or split in structures that make up the eye
Uncontrolled eye movements
Underdeveloped or absent eyes
Diagnosis
Inspection
Palpation
Ccorneal diameter measurements
Anophthalmia
Definition
It is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal development of the eyes and other parts of the body
Causes
Genetic mutations
Abnormal chromosomes
Exposure to X rays, chemicals, radiations
Clinical manifestations
It involves malformations in multiple organs of the body
Hypertelorism
Low-set ears
Severe microphthalmia
Right and left cleft lip and palate
Facial cleft
Hypertelorism
Definition
It is an abnormally increased distance between the eyes
Causes
Craniofrontonasal dysplasia
Apert syndrome
Aarskog syndrome
Treatment
Box osteotomy
Facial bipartition
Diagnosis
Ophthalmology assessment
CT scan
MRI
Clinical manifestations
Wide-set eyes
Excess bone between the eyes