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DIABETIC RETINOPATHY 20200414_110633 (CLINICAL MANIFESTATION (blurred…
DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
DEFINITION
Complication of diabetes mellitus
Caused by damage to the blood vessels
That supply the eye.
This cause damage to the retina
CAUSES
does not correctly control blood sugar levels
experiences high blood pressure
has high cholesterol
is pregnant
smokes regularly
has had diabetes for a long time
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
blurred vision
the impairment of color vision
patches or streaks that block the person’s vision
poor night vision
sudden and total loss of vision
Transparent and colourless spots
Floaters
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
Dilated eye exam
Fluorescien angiography
Optic coherence tomography
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
High blood sugar causes damage to capillaries
Sometimes new abnormal vessels develop
Causing the blood vessels to be weak
Swell and leak or close up
Causing a decrease in tissue perfusion
Results in impaired vision
PHARMACOLOGY
Antidiabetic drugs
Eye drops
Analgesia
REFERENCE
Boyd, K. (2017, March 1). What is diabetic retinopathy? Retrieved from
https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-diabetic-retinopathy
NURSING CARE PLAN
Disturbed body image
Assess patients feeling and self esteem
Identify potential threats to low selfesteem
Encourage patient to verbalize concerns
Allow patient to participate in decision making
Individuals care
Pain
Give analgesia and anti inflammatries
Nurse patient in comfortable position
Determine cause of pain and treat according
use of a warm eye pads
Monitor for relief of pain and any side effects of medication
Administer eye drops
Impaired vision
Assesss patients limitations
Assist patient with morbalising
Perform eye examinations
Assist patient with reading
Teach patient on proper eye care
Monitor blood glucose
Deficient knowledge regarding disease
Assess patients current knowledge
on the condition
Explain possible causes of conditions
Address stereotypes and concers regarding condition
Advise patient on ways to prevent reoccurring of condition
COLLABORATIVE care
Opthamology
Internal medicine
