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TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER images_(12)1 (CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS (gum…
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER
DEFINITION
Pain and compromised movement of the jaw joint
and surrounding muscles
CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS
gum chewing
Misalignment of the teeth or jaws
poor posture
stress arthritis
Injury of the teeth or jaws
Teeth grinding or clenching
PHATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Acts like a sliding hinge connecting your
jawbone to your skull
The temporomandibular joint AKA TMJ
dysfunction can lead to pain and discomfort
NURSING INTERVENTION
PLAN
for promotion of optimal comfort
monitor respiration
Manipulate patient’s surroundings
facilitation of patency of air passages
Avoid activities which may cause pain e.g. swallowing
monitor pulse oximetry
Alleviate and reduce pain
minimize apprehension or uneasiness related
Place patient in a comfortable position
to unidentified source or anticipated anger
implement calming technique
EVALUATION
Relief from pain
Maintained airways
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Ineffective airways
Acute pain
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
MRI
Dental X-ray
CT scan
Physical examination
PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Beclomethasone- steroid injection
Diazepam- benzodiazapin
Nabumetone- anti inflammatory drug
Doxepin- sleeping medication
Metaxalon- muscle relaxation
Acetaminophen- opiate painmedication
SURGERY
Total joint replacement
TMJ arthroscopy or arthrocentesis
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Stiff or sore jaw muscles
Pain in the temple area
jaw and ear pain
Locking of the jaws
Jaw clicking and popping
DIET
Cooked fruits
Don’t eat crunchy food
Don’t bite into hard foods
Cut food into small pieces to avoid biting
Eat soft food avoid chewing
HEALTH EDUCATION
and range of motion
eat soft food and avoid chewing
strengthen muscles, Improve flexibility
massage or gentle stretching of the jaw and neck muscle
Physical therapy with jaw exercises can
use ice or cold packs to the area of the joint
