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Epistaxis Screenshot_20200412-181126 (Pathophysiology (Blood vessels…
Epistaxis
Definition
Bleeding from the nose
Causes
Nose picking
Colds
Blowing your nose with force
Injury to the nose of face
Blood thining drugs as aspirin
Cocaine and other drugs inhalation
Chemical irritants
Nephritis
Symptoms
Dizziness
Weakness
Confusion
Fainting
Nursing interventions
Monitor vital signs
Provide tissue paper towel
Suction and remove blood clots
Give medical treatment as prescribed
Apply icepacks to the nose and chest area
Pinch soft lower position for 15 mins
Place patient in a semi fowlers position
Apply direct pressure
Pathophysiology
Blood vessels rapture within nasal mucosa
Leading to an increase in blood pressure
Rapture can be spotaneous, initiated by trauma
Most nosebleeds occurs in the anterior part of the nose
Also called tge little's area
Bleeding from the back is known as posterior bleed
It is due from Woodruffs plexus
It generates a greater flow of blood
Into the posterior pharynx
And have a higher risk
Diagnostic procedures
Blood pressure
Complete blood count
Coagulation studies
Angiography
MRI
Xray
Sites
Littles area
Below the level of middle turbinate
Posterior part of nasal cavity
Diffuse both from septum and lateral nasal wall
Nasopharynx
Treatment
Pharmacology
Oxymetazoline
Non-synephrine
Anti-septic cream
Surgical procedures
Cauterization
Foreign body removal
Nasal packing
Surgical repair of broken nose
Correction of deviated septum
