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STAGING AND GRADING OF CANCER (Grading ((Defining type of tissue, Tumour…
STAGING AND GRADING OF CANCER
Grading
Defining type of tissue
Tumour origination
Diagnostic process to classify tumour cells
Histological characteritics of tissue
Processes of grading
Biospy
Surgical excision
Cytology
Carcinogenesis
To become malignant cells
Involves several steps takes months and years
Process where by normal cells transformed
Grading
TNM SYSTEM
T
T1 to T4 describes the increase of tumour
T refers the extent of primary tumour
N
N refers the involvement of lymph nodes
N1 to N3 indicates advancing nodal disease
M
MO meaning no presence of evidence
M1 refer to the presence of metastasis
M refers to the extent of metastates