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Biology Ch 14 (Terms (Genetic vocabulary (Homozygote: An organism that has…

- - - - For monohybrid cross, Mendel began with a pair of pea plants with two contrasting traits i.e., one tall and another dwarf. The cross-pollination of tall and dwarf plants resulted in tall plants. All the hybrid plants were tall. ... He continued his experiment with self-pollination of F1 progeny plants.
    - - Dihybrid cross is a cross between two different lines/genes that differ in two observed traits. According to Mendel's statement, between the alleles of both these loci there is a relationship of completely dominant - recessive traits.
  - - - .
        
        Set up a 2 by 2 Punnett square.
        
        Write the alleles for parent 1 on the left side of the Punnett square. Each gamete will have one of the two alleles of the parent.
        
        Write the alleles from parent 2 above the Punnett square.
        
        Fill the squares for parent 1
        
        Fill the squares for parent 2
- - - - The sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus.
      - In simpler words....a procedure used to diagnose fetal defects in the early second trimester of pregnancy. A sample of the amniotic fluid, which surrounds a fetus in the womb, is collected through a pregnant woman's abdomen using a needle and syringe.
    - - A test made in early pregnancy to detect congenital abnormalities in the fetus. A tiny tissue sample is taken from the villi of the chorion, which forms the fetal part of the placenta.
    - - They are both prenatal diagnostic procedures that are performed to detect fetal abnormalities.
      - They both increase the risk for miscarriage.
      - The length of time for either procedure is similar.
    - - For chorionic villus sampling a women is tested when she is in her 8th week of pregnancy, but in amniocentesis a women is tested when she is in her 14-16th week of pregnancy.
      - CVS utilizes either a catheter or needle to biopsy placental cells that are derived from the same fertilized egg as the fetus. During amniocentesis, a small sample of the fluid that surrounds the fetus is removed.