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Unit 8 (VERB PATTERNS (verb + ing / infinitive) (verb + ING or INFINITIVE…
Unit 8
VERB PATTERNS (verb + ing / infinitive)
verb + OBJECT + INFINITIVE:
advice, allow, encourage, invite, persuade, remind (ricordare), request, tell
The internet ALLOWS PEOPLE TO COMMUNICATE.
verb+ ING form:
consider, deny (negare), dislike, enjoy, feel, like, finish, practise, suggest
Would you CONSIDER GIVING us a refund?
verb + INFINITIVE (to be):
appear, attempt (tentare), decide, manage, need, offer, promise, seem, want
Globalisation APPEARS TO BE a serious political issue these days.
verb + ING or INFINITIVE with different meanings:
REMEMBER:
Remember to bring the tickets, we need them for the flight. (FUTURE ACTION)
I remember watching the Olympics in 2004 (EARLIER ACTION, azione precedente)
FORGET:
Don't forget to bring your passport (FUTURE ACTION)
I won't forget eating my first pizza (AZIONE PRECEDENTE)
STOP:
I stopped to have a break. (stop one action in order to do something)
They stopped making them in 2002. (finish an action)
TRY:
Carla's trying to lose weight. (make an effort to do something difficult)
Why don't you try cooking it in olive oil? It might test better. (you don't know id it will work or not)
CAUSATIVES: (when an action is done for you by somebody else)
HAVE/ GET SOMETHING DONE:
I had my suit cleaned (The shop did it)
He had his mobile phone repaired (An engineer did it)
(have + object + past participle)
Claire HAS HER HAIR CUT every month
Dave and Bill ARE HAVING THEIR HAIR CUT
Claire HAD HER HAIR CUT last week
Claire HAS HAD HER HAIR CUT
DO NOT CONFUSED WITH PAST PERFECT
We had a new computer system installed.
The technical had installed a new computer system. (past perfect)
Are you having your car serviced this week?
I haven't had the windows cleaned for ages
I got my eyes checked last week, because I've been having headaches
In this street we have our rubbish collected once a week
to our great surprise, we had our money refunded
He had his mobile phone stolen
VOCABULARY
child labour, climate change, consumer choice, corporate greed (avidità), fair trade (scambio equo), free markets, global warming, human rights, multinational companies, natural resources, single economy, working conditions
adaptability, curiosity, consensus, intuition, sensitivity (sensibilità)
(globalisation) creates competition, damage the natural environment, destroy local cultures, encourage better standards, exploit workers, increase wealth, improves the quality of manufacturing, promote global understanding, reduce poverty, widen the gap
collaborate, cutting edge (all'avaguardia), dynamic, phenomenon, profound, push the boundaries (superare i limiti), synergy
CLARIFICATION
Sorry, I don't know what you mean; What do you mean by..?; Could you explain that in more detail, please?; Could you be more specific?; Could you give me a specific example?; Sorry, I don't follow you; I'm sorry, I don't see what you mean by..
Basically what I'm saying is..the customer is..; What I really want to say is..; Or put it another way; To be more precise, ...we really appeal to..; Let me rephrase that