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The Mammary Gland (Anatomy aspects (Duct system connect the alveoli to the…

- - - - Alveoli is surrounde by myoepithelial cells
        
        Groups of alveoli form lobules which together form lobes
  - - - Large duct empty into cisterns a modified storage area
- - - - Development of duct system
    - - Development of alveoli
- - - - Contain immunoglobulin obtained from mother via plasma cells migrating from adjacent tissue site
        
        Immunoglobulin can only be absorbed by neonatal gut within first 24-36 hours
- - - - synthesized from pincing of lipid droplet near plasma membrane at the apex of alveolar cells
      - energy source, helps offset heat loss in the young
    - - aka. caseins synthesised at endoplasmic reticulum then transfered to Golgi apparatus. released via exocytosis together with lactose
    - - join milk protein within golgi vesicles and are released from alveolar cells via exocytosis
      - Main carb
      - animals must have jejunal lactase to breakdown lactose or lactose will cause osmotic effect leading to diarrhea
      - Formed from direction of lactose synthetase, an enzyme that is formed from a-lactaalbumin
        
        Progesterone inhibits a-lactaalbumin synthesis
- - - - tactile stimulation from suckling
      - manual stimulation of udder during washing before milking
      - visual, auditory and olfactory stimuli
      - Ferguson reflex (oxytocin released due to cervical distension), recreated by farmer by blowing air into the cervix through the vagina
- - - - allows them to stand to start suckling, hypoglycemia wont immediately affect the neonates allowing them to take time to stand and find udder to start suckling
  - - - usually nestled near the mammary gland, are susceptible to hypoglycemia so they need to suckle asap within 30 minutes
        
        Hypoglycemia causes stasis of bowel and neonatal sepsis