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The socio-cultural perspective (2 levels of learning (2 - The idea that…
The socio-cultural perspective
The main principles of SC theory
1- Learning precedes development.
2 - Language is the main vehicle (tool) of thought.
4- Social interaction is the basis of learning and development. Learning is a process of apprenticeship and internalization in which skills and knowledge are transformed from the social into the cognitive plane.
5 -The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is the primary activity space in which learning occurs
3- Mediation is central to learning.
human mental activity is a mediated process in which symbolic and socioculturally constructed artifacts, the most significant of which being the language, play an essential role in the mental life of the individual
2 levels of learning
1- Any function of the child's cultural development appears on the stage twice, or on two planes, first the social, then the psychological.
2 - The idea that the potential for cognitive development is limited to a zone of proximal development (ZPD).
ZDP - (Current ability) The area of exploration for which the student is
cognitively prepared, but requires help and social interaction to fully develop.
Cognitive
Social
Physical
A teacher or more experienced peer is able to provide the learner with "scaffolding" to support the student’s evolving understanding of knowledge domains or the development of complex skills. Collaborative learning, discourse, modeling, and scaffolding are strategies for supporting the intellectual knowledge and skills of learners and facilitating intentional learning.
How does vygotsky differ from piaget. Vygotsky will be in green and piaget in blue
Key processes in development and learning
Zone of proximal development; scaffolding; language/dialogue; tools of the culture
Equilibration; schema; adaption; assimilation; accomodation
Role of language
Major -Language plays a powerful role in shaping thought
Minimal - Language provides labels for children experiences (egocentric speech)
Stages
No general stage of development proposed
Strong emphasis on stages of development
Teaching implications
Establish opportunities for children to learn with the teacher and more skilled peers
Support children to explore their world and discover knowledge
Socialcultural context
Strong emphasis
Little emphasis
Constructivism
Social constructivist
Cognitive constructivist
The SC theory suggests that children only learn and develop with interactions between different people as well as themselves. These interactions are known as interpsychological and intrapsychological. Inter (interacting with different people) and intra (interacting with themselves).