Rhinitis
DEFINITION
irritation and swelling of the mucous membrane in the nose
CAUSES
allergens include dust mites
pet danders
cockroaches
pollens
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
rhinitis results from a local defense mechanism in the nasal airways that attempts to prevent irritants and allergens from entering the lungs.
Clinical Manifestations
Repetitive sneezing
polyps
stuffiness in the nose
runny nose
itching of the palate, ears, nose, or eyes.
Nursing Interventions
Use of nasal sprays.
diagnosis
ineffective airway r.w inflammation of the mucous membrannes of the nose
activity intolerance r.w imbalance of supply and oxygen demand
anxiety r.w deficient knowledge about disease and medical treatment
Treatment
Pharmacologic Management
Environment control
Encourage thorough cleaning of the house.
Identification of the allergen.
Encourage medication compliance.
nursing diagnoses
Disturbed sleep pattern
Ineffective airway clearance
Anxiety
Self-concept disturbance
removal of a feather pillow
avoide pollens
avoide allergens include dust mites
Intranasal decongestants.
Intranasal mast cell stabilizers.
Allergen immunotherapy.
sinusitis
DIFINATION
is the inflammation or infection of the paranasal sinuses (cavities) that are adjacent to the nasal cavity in your face
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Congested nasal passages
Severe headache
Pain and pressure in the facial area
Fever
Nursing Diagnosis
Ineffective Airway Clearance
Disturbed Sleep Pattern
Anxiety
Imbalanced Nutrition
medical treatment
Nasal corticosteroids
OTC pain relievers
Saline nasal spray
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
upper respiratory tract infection of viral origin.The resultant sinus cavity hypoxia and mucus retention cause the cilia which move mucus and debris from the nose to function less efficiently, creating an environment for bacterial growth.
causes
Deviated nasal septum
Respiratory tract infections.
Nasal polyps
Allergies such as hay fever
Diagnosis
maging studies.
Nasal and sinus samples
Nasal endoscopy.
clinical manifestation
Nasal blockage
Headache
postnasal drainage