Mastoiditis
Infection that affect the mastoid bone, located behind the ear.
Clinical manifestations
Fever, irritability and lethargy
Swelling of the ear lobe
Redness and tenderness behind the ear
Drainage from the ear
Bulging and drooping of the ear
Complications
Facial paralysis
Labyrinthitis
Hearing loss
Meningitis
Vision changes or headache
Pathophysiology
Excessive drainage from the mastoid cavity traverses through the middle ear and out of the perforated tympanic membrane through into the external auditory canal.
The inflammatory process in the mastoid air cells results in oedema and more exudate, thus increasing the pressure in the bony cavity.
The mastoid air cells have rich supply of blood. in otitis media, infection drains into the mastoid resulting in increased exudate.
Diagnostic studies
CT scan
Check bloods
Treatment
Pharmachotherapy
Analgesia
Antibiotics
Surgery
Mastoidectomy
Tympanoplasty
Photos mastoid
Ear bacterial culture
Causes
Bacterial infections
Nursing diagnosis
Acute pain related to mastoid surgery.
Risk for infection related to mastoidectomy, surgical trauma on the tissue and surrounding structures.
Knowledge deficit of the mastoid disease, surgical procedures and postoperative care and hope.
Nursing management
Monitor vital signs
Assess for changes in lab values
Administer medication as prescribed by the doctor
Assess for complications e.g. hearing loss