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WWI (. ((Causes PT.2, Assassination of the Archduke - The assassination…
WWI
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Assassination of the Archduke - The assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. When Russia began to mobilize due to its alliance with Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia. Which began the expansion of the war to include all those involved in the mutual defense alliances.
Gavrilo Princip- was a member of the Black Hand, a Serbian Nationalist group. The assassination of the archduke was the spark that ignited WWI. Significance: The Schlieffen plan was a German military plan in case of a war in Europe.
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M-militarism looks like a strong military force that should be maintained and used aggressively to defend or promote national interests. This contributed to the cause because European countries spent money on military technology, employing more troops, and training their soldiers.
A-alliance system is when countries join forces or worked together to achieve a certain goal. There were two different alliance forces during the war. One was called the “Allied Powers” and the countries were the United Kingdom (Great Britain), France, and Russia. The other force was named Central Powers” these included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. This contributed to the start of WWI because the countries in the alliances signed treaties agreeing to defend each other in times of war
I- imperialism is when a country increases their power and wealth by bringing additional territories under their control. European countries divided up Africa and Asia to strengthen political and economic power and this resulted in competition among European countries.
N-nationalism is an intense form of patriotism or loyalty to one's country. Europeans practiced this by identifying theme selves with their country. Nationalism resulted in Germany and Italy uniting into strong nations, and also caused the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary
EFFECTS
BIG FOUR( January 1919)
It composed President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain, George Clemenceau of France, and Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando.
These men wanted to end the war in peace.
The Fourteen Points (January 8, 1918)
Woodrow Wilson created The Fourteen Points and the purpose of the document was for peace. The document was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I.
Point 14 was the most important on Woodrow Wilson's list; it advocated for an international organization to be established that would be responsible for helping to keep peace among the nations.
SELF DETERMINATION
The concept of this is the right of people to rule them selves. This concept will help prevent future wars because member nations are to help preserve peace.(League Of Nations)
League of Nations (January 10,1920)
This was a international organization founded by Woodrow Wilson. This organization was used to promote world peace.
The USA, Germany and Russia did not join.
The countries that did join was Great Britain, Italy, Japan then later Germany joined in the 1930s.
Treaty of Versailles (1920)
The "Big four" was involved in creating this document.
Germany was not involved in creating it and got punished the most.
The long term effects of the Treaty of Versailles that is laid the groundwork for distrust between Germany and other nations.
The short term effect was that the treaty devastated Germany was socially, economically and politically.
Warfare
New technology
The machine gun and the tank were new technologies that influenced WW1 the most. The machine gun lengthened the war and forced it to become a trench war.
The new technology increased the casualties
Total war
Total War is when the entire resources and population are mobilized towards the war effort, which takes priority over everything else
Propaganda is used to try to make people think a certain way.
Rationing, is a way of sharing food fairly.
Trench Warfare
Trench warfare is a form of military conflict in which opposing sides fought one and other from trenches facing one and other.
No man's land was a strip of land between the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during WW1
- most soldiers ended up not living if they got picked to go into no mans land
Stalemate is two countries who are fighting against each other and are equally strong so no one is winning
The major fronts were West, East, Italian.
The West front was mostly trench warfare
and there were very high casualties
The Eastern front had Germans were forced to fight on two sides
The Italian front and French forces fought against German A-H forces.
Major battles
Battle of Verdun- Battle fought between French and German armies from February to December 1916; The French one the battle
This battle was the longest of the first world war
Battle of Somme- fought from July 1916 to November,1916, was one of the largest battles of the First World War. The battle was the main Allied attack on the Western Front in 1916, and it was intended to drain German resources and gain the Allies territory. There was no victory in this battle.
Schlieffen Plan- The Schlieffen Plan was the operational plan for a designated attack on France once Russia, in response to international tension, had started to mobilize forces near the German border.
Triple Entente
France, Great Britain, Russia were the countries involved. Head Leaders of the Triple Entente their names were, Tsar Alexander II, Emperor Franz Joesph I, Kaiser Wilhelm I.
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy were the countries of the triple alliance.
The major leaders were Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany.
US enters the war:
the U.S. joined its allies-Britain, France, and Russia--to fight in World War I.
The major events that led to the United States declaration of war against Germany were the Zimmerman Telegram and Germany's announced intention to resume unrestricted submarine warfare.
The entry of the United States was the turning point of the war, because it made the eventual defeat of Germany possible.
Russia leaves the war:
Russia left the war because in November 1917, the Bolsheviks (led my Vladimir Lenin) overthrew the Russian government and seized power. the Russians signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, a peace agreement between Russia and the Central Powers, and they were out of the war.
A armistice is an argument made by opposing sides in a war in a new war to stop fighting for a certain time.
The impact of Russia leaving the war; -Germany now only has to fight a one-front war, which was now France and it's Allies.