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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM :<3: (MAMMARY GLAND (Colostrum (High Ig (Absorbtion…
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
:<3:
CONTROL OF
GONADAL & GAMETE DEVELOPMENT
Genetic Controls the Gonad Organization
Testosterone Presence for Brain & Sexual Organization
Present
Male
Rete testis
Mullerian-inhibiting factor
Mullerian ducts
regress
Testis
Androgen
Wolffian ducts
maintain
Absent
Female
Ovary
Mullerian ducts
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Oviduct
Wolffian duct
regress
Hypothalamopituitary
Hypothalamus
Protein & Peptide h.
Anterior Pituitary
FSH
LH
Prolactin
Gonadotropin Release Modification
Pulsatile
Increase
Follicular phase
Decrease
Luteal phase
Ovarian Follicle Development
Initially No Gonadotropin Support
Pulsatile Gonadotropin Secretion
In Preantral Follicle
Gonadotropin receptor
LH
Theca
Androgen Synthesis
FSH
Granulosa
Estrogen
Late Phase
LH receptor develop
Preovulatory Surge
OVULATION
OVULATION & CORPUS LUTEUM (CL)
Ovulation
Follicles selected
At luteolysis onset
Large Domestic animals
Estrogen
induces
Pre-ovulatory Surge
Gonadotropins
CL
Progesterone
LH for maintenance
Regress in Non-pregnant Large Animal
Uterine synthesis
PGF2a
Ovarian Cycle
Follicular Phase
Luteal Phase
Copulation Modification in some sp.
REPRODUCTIVE CYCLES
Puberty & Senescence
Puberty
Hypothalamus
GnRH
Gonadotropins
First mature germ cells
Inadequate Ovarian
Menopause in primate
2 Types
Estrous
Proestrus
Estrus
Metestrus
Diestrus
Anestrus
Menstrual
External Factors
Photoperiod
Increase light
Cats
Horse
Decrease light
Goats
Sheep
Lactation
Supress
Ovarian activity
Nutrition
Inadequate
Inactive Ovarian in Cattle
Animal Interaction
Pheromones
Sexual Behaviour
Receptivity
Female
GnRH & Estrogen
Male
Testosterone
MAMMARY GLAND
Anatomical Aspect
Suspensory system
Cow udder
Alveoli
cell ploriferate
Mammogenesis Control
Fetal development
Embryonic mesenchyme
Initial development of mammary bud
Puberty
Mammary duct proliferate
Ducts
Estrogen
GH
Adrenal Steroids
Alveoli
Progesterone
Prolactin
Colostrum
Prepartum milk secretion
High Ig
Absorbtion period first 24 - 36 h
High Lipids
Vit A
High Protein
Casein & Albumin
Low Carbohydrate
Lactose
Lactogenesis
Prolactin
GH
promote secretion
Alveolar
constrict plasma membrane
Fat droplets
exocytosis
Protein
Lactose
Milk Removal
Oxytocin
contract myoepithelial cells
milk movement
Ducts
Cisterns
Milk Composition
Fat
Energy source
Carbohydrate
Lactose
Protein
Casein
Lactation Cycle
Lactation
induced by
Hormone admin.
Estrogen
Progesterone
enhanced by
GH
increased
photoperiod exposure
Production
Diseases
Mastitis
Neoplasia
RBC Agglutinate Antibody (passive transfer)
Hypocalcemia
First Nursing
Carbohydrate Storage in Neonates
good
single
twin
low
litters
MALE REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Functional Anatomy
Emission
spermatozoa release
Ejaculation
force expel semen from urethra
Spermatogenesis
mitosis
diploid stem cells
meiotic division
haploid germ cells
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis
LH
FSH
Anabolic Steroids
Androgen derivatives
-ve feedback
PREGNANCY & PARTURITION
Pregnancy
Embryo development
Fusion of oocyte & spermatozoon
Oviduct
maintenance
CL
life span extend
Large Domestic
Cats
Placenta
as
Endocrine Organ
Progesterone
Parturition
Fetal cortisol
initiate delivery
increase secretion
Estrogen
PGF2a
Dopamine
inhibit
Vasoactive Int. Peptide
stimulate