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COMPOSTING :question: (Process variables (Control of pathogen, Mixing…
COMPOSTING
:question:
Techniques
Static Method
air is blown through the composting material
covered by a layer of screened compost for insulation and odor control
compost piles are laid on perforated pipes
Agitated Method
mixing the material to obtain uniform product
introducing oxygen
controlling the temperature
Factors to design composting facility
Type of waste
System selected
Environmental issue
Cost of implementation
Process variables
Control of pathogen
Mixing requirements
Temperature & pH control
Particle size and distribution
Required mixing/turning schedule
Respiratory quotient (RQ)
Decomposition of organic fraction (MSW)
Window
oldest method
3-4 weeks to be accomplished
shredding & screening
50-60% moisture content
high rate system
offensive odor release once turning the window
the composed is allowed to cure for 3-4 weeks without turning
residual decomposable organic materials are reduced by fungi
Static pile composting
cured compost are shredded and screened
aerobic composting
composted for 3-4 weeks
compose various organic waste
cured for 4 weeks and longer
improved process and odor control
In-vessel composting
enclosed container
minimize odor and process time
plug flow
relationship between particles in the composting mass stay the same
first-in first-out principle
dynamic system
Advantages
faster throughput
process and odor control
lower labor cost
smaller area requirement