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Malnutrition (Nutrition (minerals (iron (present in hemoglobin, binding…
Malnutrition
Nutrition
plus vitamins
required for normal metabolism
water soluble vitamins
vitamin B and C
fat soluble vitamins
vitamins a, d, e and k
essential vitamins
will result in deficiency if absent from body
non essential vitamins
NADH, FDAH2
minerals
iron
present in hemoglobin, binding oxygen
present and mitochondria in electron transport
calcium
required for maintenance and formation of skeleton and blood clotting
sodium and potassium
maintains resting membrane potential and generate action potential
iodine
needed to produce thyroid hormone
zinc
helps and protein synthesis in wound healing
Water
RDA
recommended daily Allowance
Set by fedral agencies
used for food planning, labeling, and education
Guidelines for Adequate Nutrition
for 1 plate
1/4 Grains
1/4 protein
1/4 Vegatables
1/4 fruits
Amount needed for optimal health and function of all systems
Macromolecules
biomolecules
carbohydrates
providing energy
monosaccharides
disaccharides
Lactose
Sucrose
Glucose
contained
increases glycogenesis in
Liver
Glucagon
helps liver breaks down glycogen/ Released by pancreas
increases glycogenesis in
Muscle
polysaccharides
Starch
Cellulose
facilitates movements of contents through GI tract
lipids
triglycerides
another major energy providing molecule another major energy providing molecule
Affects adipose tissue
Insulin
increases uptake of tryglcerides
Released from Pancreas
Stimulates lipogenesis and inhibits lipolysis in
Adipose Connective Tissue
Increases amino acid uptake in
most cells
phospholipids
steroids
Cholesterol
precursor molecule for formation of steroids
LDL
bad cholestorol
HDL
good cholesterol
eicosanoids
proteins
needed for DNA
Nonessential amino acid
essential amino acids
complete protein
incomplete proteins
nucleic acids
will not receive adequate proteins
will not be able to synthesize nitrogen-containing molecules
reproductive system affected
missing essential amino acids
plant-based protein without variety
new uninformed vegan
inability to absorbed nutrients
Digestion problem
deacreased immune system
susceptible to infections
illness
Insulin affected
no energy
Lack of vitamins