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CHAPTER 10: MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES (Maslow's hierarchy of needs (Need…
CHAPTER 10: MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES
Rewards
Extrinsic reward
Something given to you by someone else as recognition for good work.
Intrinsic reward
The personal satisfactions you feel when you perform well and complete goals.
Motivators
Job factors that cause employees to be more productive and that give them satisfaction.
Theories
Theory Y
Theory X
Theory that proposes employees dislike work and feel like they are forced to do things. Prime motivator is fear and money.
Goal-setting theory
The idea that setting ambitious but attainable gals can motivate workers and improve performance.
Management by objectives (MBO)
A system of goal setting and implementation.
Expectancy Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Theory that positive and negative reinforcers motivate a person to behave certain ways.
Victor Voom's theory that the amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their expectations of the outcome.
Theory Z
Theory that proposes employee involvement is the key to increased productivity and control is implied and informal. Employees prefer to share the responsibility and they perform better in environments that foster trust and cooperation.
Equity Theory
The idea that employees try to maintain equity between inputs and outputs compared to others in similar positions.
Optimism
The most important weapon against pessimism is to transfer your optimism and vision to others. Leadership is a transfer of believe and your belief inspires others to think and act in ways that drive results.
Theory proposing employees are committed to work, they seek responsibility and are much more creative. Work is a natural way of life. Motivation comes from a variety of rewards.
Empowerment
Giving employees authority to make decisions and tools to implement the decisions they make.
Jobs Motivational Strategies
Job Enrichment
Job Simplification
Produces task efficiency by breaking a job into simple steps and assigning people to each.
A motivational strategy that emphasizes motivating the worker through the job itself.
Job Enlargement
Job Rotation
A job enrichment strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another.
A job enrichment strategy that involves combining a series of tasks into one challenging and interesting assignment.
Scientific management
Study workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things then teaching those techniques.
Elements of Scientific Management
Time
Methods
Rules of work
Frederick Taylor
Psychologist who conducted a study on what creates enthusiasm for workers and to work to their full potential.
Hygiene factors
Herzberg's theory of motivating factors, jobs factors that cause dissatisfaction if missing but that do not necessarily motivate employees if increased.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Need
Where Motivation arises from.
Theory of motivation based on unmet human needs form basic physiological needs to safety, social and esteem needs to self-actualization needs.
Safety needs
The need to feel secure at work or at home
Social Needs
need to feel loved, accepted and part of the group.
Physiological needs
Basic survival needs, such as food, water and shelter
Esteem needs
need for recognition and acknowledgement from others, as well as self-respect and a sense of status or importance.
Self-actualization needs
need to develop to one's fullest potential