HYPERADRENOCORTICISM IN DOGS (CUSHING'S SYNDROME)
Types
Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism
Microadenoma
Macroadenoma
Excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from pituitary corticotroph hyperplasia
Cortisol-Secreting Adrenocorticol Tumours
Iatrogenic Hyperadrenocoticism
Excessive / prolonged administration of corticosteroids
Endogenous ACTH production is suppressed
Clinical Signs
General Appearance
Muscle atrophy and weakness
Pendulous, distended or "pot-bellied" abdomen
Integument
Hair loss
Hyperpigmentation
Seborrhoeic changes
Secondary pyoderma and Malassezia dermatitis
Urinary and Reproductive systems
90% of cases : PU/PD
Glucocorticoids decrease renal tubular reabsorbtion of water
Pollakiuria, haematuria and stranguria may be minimal
Glomerulopathy and associated proteinuria may occur
Low concentration of FSH and LH
Respiratory system
Excessive panting
Pulmonary thromboembolic disease
Endocrine system
Diabetes mellitus
hypertension
Cortisol antagonizes the actions of insulin by interfering with its action at the cellular level
Central Nervous System and Neuromuscular system
Lethargy
Muscle weakness
Gastrointestinal system
Polyphagia
Hepatomegaly
Pancreatitis
Diagnosis
History
Laboratory testing
Radiography
Ultrasonography, CT and MRI
Pituitary-Adrenal function test
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulation Test
Treatment
Mitotane Therapy
Trilostane Therapy
Ketoconazole
L-Deprenyl Therapy
Adrenalectomy
Amirulsyafiq bin Azmir D17A0003