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A old friend who is following a super healthy lifestyle (Downstream…
A old friend who is following a super healthy lifestyle
Background information
Nutrients
Nutrient macromolecules
Nuclei acid
Non considered nutrients and non required in diet
Proteins
Formed by amino acid
Types of amino acids
Essential amino acids
Obtained from diet
Complete protein
Supply essential amino acids
Incomplete proteins
Low in one or more essential amino acids
Nonessential amino acids
Made in body
Carbohydrates
Disaccharides
Two monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Chains of monosaccharides
Monosaccharides
Single sugar monomers
Minerals
Inorganic ions obtained from diet
Types of minerals
Sodium and Potassium
Generate action potential and maintains resting potential
Iodine
Produce thyroid hormone
Calcium
It is required for exocytosis of neurotransmitters, formation of skeleton and blood clotting
Zinc
Functions in protein synthesis and healing of wounds
Iron
Presence of iron in hemoglobin binds oxygen and presence of iron in mitochondria binds electrons
Vitamins
Organic molecules required for normal metabolism
Vitamins are present in food in small amount
Types of vitamins
Water-soluble vitamins
Dissolve in water
Excess discharged in urine
Has vitamin B and C
Fat-soluble vitamins
Has vitamin A,D,E and K
Excess stored in fats
Dissolve in fat
Excess of vitamin can be toxic
Essential vitamins
Taken while on diet
Impaired absorption can result in lack of vitamins
Nonessential vitamins
Co-factors body produces and recycles
Water
Considered as a nutrient
It helps regulate body's temperature
It maintains other bodily functions
It keeps the body hydrated
RDA for healthy diet
Factors include age, sex, body mass, physical activity, health, pregnancy
Established by food and nutrition board
Requirement of nutrients depend on the number of it's factor
It is used for food labeling, planning and education
Stands for recommended daily allowance
Nutrients in body system
Endocrine system
It helps in regulation of the reproduction, metabolism, sleep, blood pressure and heart rate
It helps in endocrine gland functions
Nutrients plays a key role in regulating hormone
Nervous system
It is essential for the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system
It can help maintain a healthy nervous system
Nutrition plays a crucial role in the development of the nervous system
Cardiac system
It helps heart function properly
Nutrients plays a central role in cardiac system
Nutrients in heart decreases inflammation and prevent blood clotting
Urinary system
It lowers the risk of bladder cancer
It increases urinary production and reduces edema
Nutrients promote the body’s ability to defend itself from infections
Muscular system
It provides calcium, potassium and vitamin D to muscles
It strengthens the bones
Food that human eat such as dairy items and sea food contain good amount of nutrients as proteins
Downstream effects
Avoiding dairy items can lead to lactose intolerance which means lack of enzymes
Raw water may contain bacteria, viruses and other germs
Multivitamin contain minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc and high dose taking frequently can cause tooth staining, increased urination, uneven heart rate, and muscle weakness
Eating a completely raw diet comes with a risk of developing a food-borne illness.
Upstream causes
She is not taking any dairy items
She is drinking raw water
She is taking highly dose multivitamins
She is eating only organic and raw food