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2 (The Saxon invasion (Who should be king? (the Saxon king: 1-Etherlred…

- - - - the Jutes settled mainly in Kent and along the South coast
      - the Angles settled in the east, and also in the north midlands
      - the Saxons settled between the Jutes and the Angles in a band of land from the Thames estuary westwards
    - - by 570 they were forced west of Gloucester. Most were driven into the mountains in the far west.
        
        the Saxons called "Weallas" or "Wales", meaning the land of the foreigners
  - - - Witan, the king's council
        
        it was not at all democratic, and the king could decide to ignore the Witan's advice.
        
        the Witan's authority was based on its right to choose kings, and to agree the use of the king's laws
      - shires or countries, administrative areas
        
        each shire was appointed a shire reeve, the king's local administration
      - in each district was a "manor" or large house: this was a simple building where local villagers came to pay taxes, where justice was administered, and where men met together to join the Anglo-Saxon army, the fyrd.
    - - king
      - lords
      - soldiers
      - workers
  - - - the Celtic bishops went out from their monasteries of Wales, Ireland and Scotland, walking from village to village teaching christianity
    - - they disagreed over the date of Easter
      - in 663 at the Synod of Wiltitby the king of Northumbria decided to support the Roman church
        
        Saxon kings helped the church to grow, but the church also increased the power of kings
        
        it was good political propaganda because it suggested that kings were chosen not only by people but also by god
    - - for example, westminister
      - places of learning and education
      - these monasteries trained the men who could read and write so that they had the necessary skills for the growth of royal and church authority
  - - - they came to conquer and to settle
  - - - pay the Vikings to stay away
      - he set a tax on all his people, called Danegeld or danish money
        
        it was the beginning of a regular tax system of the people which could provide the money for armies
    - - he started a new church for Norman
        
        the norman were people from the north. they were the children and grandchildren of Vikings who had captured, and settled in, northern France
    - - Harold's right to the English throne was challenged by Duke William of Normandy
      - he was defeated and killed in battle
  - - - Essex (east saxons)
      - Sussex (south saxons)
      - Wessex (west saxons)
      - Middlese (middle saxons)
      - East Anglia (east angles)