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Chapter 5 Medical Terminology (Common Direction, Movement, and Position…
Chapter 5 Medical Terminology
Word roots
main part or stem of a word
conveys the essential meaning
frequently indicates a body part
add or change a prefix or suffix to change the meaning of the term
prefixes
usually describe location or intensity
also found in general language
appear at the beginning of a word
not all medical terms have prefixes
suffixes
usually indicate a:
condition
disease
procedure
part of speech
appear at the end of words
combining vowels
connects word root to suffix or other word root
Common Direction, Movement, and Position Terms
right and left
lateral and medial
outer - body parts that lie farther from the midline
inner - body parts that lie closer to the midline
superior and inferior
nearer to the head
nearer to the feet
proximal and distal
closer to the trunk
farther from the trunk/nearer to the free end of the extremity
superficial and deep
palmar and plantar
front region of the hand
bottom of the foot
ventral and dorsal
refers to the belly side of the body
anterior surface of the body
refers to the spinal side of the body
apex
tip of a structure
flexion - bending of a joint
adduction - motion toward the midline
extension - straightening of a joint
abduction - motion away from the midline
bilateral - both sides of midline
unilateral - only one side of the body
abdominal cavity is divided into four equal quardrants
left upper quad
right lower quad
right upper quad
left lower quad