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Discuss General James Wolfe's role in the siege of Louisburg and the…

- - - - French commander denied terms of surrender.
      - any who resisted treated as POW's
      - French commander surrenders once 1/3 garrison out of action and city heavily damaged
      - Wolfe sent to destroy countryside Graspe Peninsula. Indignant
- - - - Point of Levi
        
        1600 French troops try to retake. Repulsed with confusion and friendly fire
        
        Wolfe only able to land June 28th. One month after intended.
        
        Taken 27th June
      - Montmorency
        
        Confusion of landing. Not enough naval support.
        
        Poor intelligence and cohesion.
        
        Despite wanting and able to push on he saves his men
        
        stations men along coast to stop harvest being collected
        
        His orders contain a bit of scorn at the debacle
      - Most likely place for British attack
    - - British force tries to capture munitions. Ambushed by Indian's
    - - water not deep enough for men of war to get close
      - Men of War can only hit lower town
      - Relations with Officers
        
        distrust him on poor judgement
        
        Wolfe suggests another frontal attack but advised by his war council to sever defenders line of supply. officers propose abandoning Beauport and crossing at St. Lawrence.
        
        Townshend particularly distrusts Wolfe's health and thinks it clouds his judgement.
        
        Amherst is not optimistic of Wolfe's success
        
        Holds officers closely accountable of their men
        
        Monckton only officers loosely informed of Foulon landing. When others asked, responds to Monckton but curt with Townshend
      - Can't conduct formal siege. Montcalm to mobile.
      - Luck
        
        Officer who challenges landing
        
        Robert Stobo's map
      - Discipline and quality
        
        disapointed with number of troops and quality.
        
        Wolfe warns against scalping and violence to women
      - attacks countryside in August to lure M out
    - - Magazine destroyed by Murray with 1200 men.
    - - hopes to goad defenders out
      - French rufuse
    - - 1758 harvest very poor. French provisions low.
      - French number 12-15,000. Many are old or young. Regulars in short supply.
      - Montcalm fortifies the East as it's most prime for attack.
      - rely on long supply chain
      - Outnumbers Wolfe but worries about his quality.
      - 17,000 men, 3-4000 regulars. Rest are Canadian or Indian.
  - - - Montcalm
        
        Fears British entrenchment
        
        Feel's outgeneraled
        
        Vandreil takes over after M death. low on supplies and only militia left
        
        boosts B to 3000, mostly regulars. Increases line length. Expects Wolfe to fall back to Halifax for winter
        
        Regulars in centre, Indian skirmishers on flanks. artillary and numerical advantage
        
        Discipline
        
        Canadian and Indian troops reload different to regulars. Reduces cohesion further
        
        Unnerved by British discipline
        
        French cohesion break on advance. M forced to ride alongside
        
        Moral good in French line. Militia discipline crumbling as siege dragged on. Harvest etc
      - Townshend in command
        
        criticism for lack of aggression. Returns to England embarrassed of allegations
        
        reforms British line to meet flying column
        
        builds trenches, 'siege en forme'
        
        French not cohesive enough to counter attack
        
        Saunders and fleet needs to leave. Treaty need's settlement
      - Wolfe
        
        If M and B both arrive he could be hammer and anviled
        
        lie down to avoid cannon fire
        
        Saunders feigns an assault to draw Montcalm's attention
        
        Grande Allee, Main road into Quebec blocked.
        
        March's forward at 100ft. Holds fire till 40ft. two musket balls
        
        pursueing B troops ambushed by Canadian and Indian skirmishers.
    - - Bad weather slows landing till 13th September. Cantoned?
      - 1/3 of Wolfe's army out of commision by September
      - Defences
        
        West wall very weak
      - Storms delay operations
      - Bougainville's flying column unavailable
      - Lost 900 men by September 3
    - - The French capitulated the town on the 17th just before a major naval attack.
      - All French officer's aside from B killed or dying at Abraham
      - Formal surrender 18th September
    - - Wolfe falls sick and attack postponed
      - Officers only informed 30 mins before operation on the 12
      - Expects his subordinates to follow without knowing where to go
      - On the shore
        
        Wolfe planed to die with advance guard. Tries to stop landing. Ignored by Major Isaac Barre
        
        As second wave lands French bring up guns. Dislodged
        
        Two cannons brought, setup over 1/2 mile
        
        clear out skirmishers
      - On the boats
        
        20 transports and 3600 men dock at cap Rouge.
        
        Slip past French sentries using french speaking officers
        
        Confident he could ambush French sentries
        
        'The Foulon' is the target.
        L'Anse le Foulon
        
        Impersonate provision boats from Montreal
        
        Troops to disembark at low tide
        
        transports escorted by HMS Squirrel and Leostoff
      - Gathers intel himself
    - - Wolfe shot in wrist, at the head of Bragg's regiment. First F volley
      - Wolfe dies after being shot twice. Skirmishers
      - Soldiers ordered to occupy buildings
- - - - Personal letters imply Amherst incompetence
      - Stubborn with planes for landing at Plains of Abraham
      - Planned to leave mess at Abraham to officers
    - - Two bouts of fever during quebec
      - Army thought he died September 4
      - possibly cause of bad humour
  - - - March's up and down the line at Abraham
  - - - Sick troops immediately sent to hospital ship
      - Camp spacing
      - Forces women to work as nurses
    - - sentries must fortify themselves
      - troops should be mobilised quietly on seeing enemy units
      - If under extreme strain, officers should be less stringent with boons
      - Sentries should be in units of 8 to avoid being picked off
    - - Rum ration donating could lead to court martialing
      - weapon safety in camps.
      - Ammo organistion and maintanance
      - Good camp discipline even in peace
      - Good quater master vital for any preporation
      - Have the correct number of captains, subalterns and serjeants for the number of troops
        
        Units should be kept small(14-16) unless subaltern present
      - wood should not be taken from parapets
      - Butchers ordered to bury offal