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Natural Hazards (Haiti Eathquake (Effects (By January 24th a total of 52…
Natural Hazards
Haiti Eathquake
location
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The earthquakes epicentre was near the town of Leogane, which is approximately 15km west of Haiti's capital. This was a very shallow earthquake as the focus was only 8km
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Plate boundary
Haiti is situated to the north of the Caribbean Plate on a conservative) plate boundary with the North American Plate
The North American plate is moving west. This movement is not smooth and there is friction between the North American Plate and the Caribbean Plate. Pressure builds between the two plates until it is released as an earthquake
Effects
By January 24th a total of 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded.
Created a very small, localised tsunami, which swept 3 people, boats and debris into the ocean.
An estimated 316,000 people died, and a further 300,000 had been injured
30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged
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Destructive plate margin
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As the plates collide, the oceanic plate is forced beneath the continental plate. This is known as subduction. This happens because the oceanic plate is denser (heavier) than the continental plate.
When the plate sinks into the mantle it melts to form magma. The pressure of the magma builds up beneath the Earth's surface
The magma escapes through weaknesses in the rock and rises up through a composite volcano. The volcanic eruptions are often violent, with lots of steam, gas and ash.
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