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Respiratory system (Factors influencing rate and depth (Physiological…
Respiratory system
Factors influencing rate and depth
Body temp.
Physiological variables
Elasticity
Compliance
Airway resistance
Sleep
Exercise / Physical activity
Speech / singing
Emotional displays
Drugs
Accessory muscles
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalene
Abdominal
Structures / Organs + Functions
Nose
(smell, warming, humidifying, filtering, cleaning
Pharynx
(passageway - food and air, warming, humidifying, hearing, speech, protection )
Larynx
(produce sound, speech, protection, passageway, humidifying, warming, filtering)
Trachea
(support + patency, mucocilliary escalator, cough reflex, humidifying, warming, filtering
L + R Bonchi
+
Bronchioles
(external resp, humidifying, control of air entry)
L + R lung with double pleura membrane
(lubrication against friction, keep lungs expanded)
Alveoli
(gaseous exchange)
Muscles
Intercostal
Diaphragm
Mechanisms of breathing
Inspiration
Expiration
Neural control of resp.
Respiratory centre in medulla
Chemoreceptors
central - sensitive to increase in PCO2
peripheral - sensitive to CO2 / increase in blood acidity
Exchange of gases
internal = in tissues
external = in lungs
Pulmonary blood circulation
Right atrium - Right ventricle - Pulm. arteries - Lungs - Pulm. veins - Left atrium - Left ventricle - Systemic arteries - Tissues - Systemic veins - Right atrium