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The XVIII century: philosophical and cultural aspects (An age of research,…
The XVIII century: philosophical and cultural aspects
An age of research, discovery and innovation
It led to:
A civil war
Major parliamentary reform
A revolution
A powerful new middle class
An increase of readers and writers
Thanks to
The
expansion of the school system
The
opening of circulating libraries
The
advancement of printing technology
Journalism
Growth of the middle class
Development of
prose genre
Interested in
Art
Social problems
Literature
Politics
Factual writing
, since most of them were Puritans and fiction was seen as a lie
Journalistic writing
began to spread
Richard Steele
Joseph Addison
The raise of the novel
Desire by the middle class to read about themselves
The modern novel
Daniel Defoe
Before becoming a novelist at the age of sixty, he was a journalist and wrote his own newspaper:
The Review
His first and most important novel:
Robinson Crusoe
(1719)
Based on
a real-life experience
The protagonist was a perfect example of the
Puritan ideal of a self-made man
First novel
in the English language
Jonathan Swift
His most important satirical novel:
Gulliver's travel
(1726)
Political satire
Social complaint
Book for children
He used
hard-hitting and bitter satire
against political corruption