Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Ocean Science, Deep sea (Module 3), What creates oceanic flows?, Affected…
Ocean Science
Marine ecosystem
Coastal processes
(Module 2)
Tides
not always submerged
Intertidal
always submerged
Sub-tidal
90% of marine global catch
Estuaries
Salt Marshes
Mangroves
Food web
Tropic levels
Relationships between species
Predation
Scavenging
Parasitism
Photo-cooperation
Mutualism
Special relationship
Marine life
Animals
Mammals
Fish
Crustateans
Zoo-plantankton
Plants
Part of...
Zones of ocean depth
Epipelagic zone
Meso zone
Bathyl zone
Abyssal zone
Hadal zone
Physical Characteristics of the Ocean
(Module 1)
Oceanic flows
Internal waves
Created by winds or tides
Causes dead zones
Wave breaking causes mixing
Currents
Warm water rise
Cold water falls
Mesoscale eddies
Vortex
Transports heat
Causes ocean mixing
Ekman transport
Circulation
Wind-driving
Overturning
Creates...
Temperature
Decreases from low to high latitudes
Salinity
Saltiest: Subtropical
Geography
Pacific Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Southern Ocean
How to study the ocean?
Observation
Lab experiments
Modelling
Contributes to
Interactions between humans and the ocean
Human impacts on the ocean
(Module 4)
Fisheries
Hunts and harms
Pollution & wastes
Consequences
Global/Ocean warming
Coral bleaching
Stratified ocean
Rising sea levels
Causes
Ocean acidification
Eutrophication
Greenhouse gases
Causes
Pesticides
Cause damage to
Plastic
Poor ocean management
Work to protect the ocean
Lower carbon footprint
Develop sustainable fisheries
Establish MAPs
Ocean impacts on humans
Climatic impacts including
Ocean currents
Hydrological cycle
Tropical cyclones
Major carbon sink
Resources and benefits including
Food
Pharmaceutical resources
Materials and products
Deep sea
(Module 3)
Nutritional challenges
Limited food
Chemosynthesis
Energy from chemicals
H2S and CH4
Overcoming
Physiological challenges
Total darkness
High pressure
Low temperature
Gears for deep sea research
Benthic trawls
Epibenthic sled
Underwater Vehicles
Cameras
Mariana Trench - 10,994m deep
Hydrothermal vents
High pressure hot spring
Carries H2 gas to the sea bed
Organism are adapted
Live under high pressure
Resistant to heavy metals
Unusual symbiosis
Cold seeps
Chemicals from decaying organic matter
Brine pools
Creates environment of...
What creates oceanic flows?
Wind driven circulation
Ocean gyres
Circumpolar currents
Affected by stratification
Rich biodiversity and dynamic ecosystem