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Friend has sallow skin, eyes are bloodshot red and a bit yellow. Hair is…

- - - - eating, digesting, and absorbing of nutrients
        
        glucose, trigycerides and amino acid concentrations
        
        increase as they are absorbed in GI tract
        
        blood glucose levels maintenance
        
        70-110 mg/dL
      - INSULIN
        
        major regulatory hormone release during absorptive state
        
        in response to increase blood glucose levels
        
        stimulate muscle and liver cells
        
        form glycogen from glucose
        
        affects adipose tissue
        
        increase uptake of triglyceride from blood
        
        stimulate lipogenesis
        
        inhibits lipolysis
        
        stimulate most cells
        
        increase amino acid uptake
        
        accelerated protein synthesis
    - - time between meals
        
        body relying on stores of nutrients
        
        maintain homeostatic levels of nutrients
      - GLUCAGON
        
        major regulatory hormone released during postabsorptive state
        
        in response to decreased blood glucose levels
        
        stimulate liver
        
        increase breakdown of glycogen to glucose
        
        stimulate gluconeogenesis from non-carbohydrate sources
        
        affects adipose tissue
        
        break down triglycerides
        
        has no effect on amino acids or proteins in cells
  - - - Triglycerides
        
        major energy-providing molecule
        
        fats and oil
        
        butter & vegetable oil
      - Cholesterol
        
        component of all animal based product
        
        produced through liver metabolic pathway
        
        precursor molecule for formation of steroid hormones, bile salts and fat-soluble vitamins
    - - obtained primarily in diet
        
        each type of food with a variety
        
        no food contains all that our body needs
    - - obtained from diet
        
        Lactose
        
        a disaccharide
        
        found in milk
        
        Sucrose
        
        disaccharide containing glucose and fructose
        
        table sugar, maple syrup and fruits
        
        Starch
        
        a polysaccharide
        
        found in potatoes and bread
        
        Cellulose
        
        plant polymer made of glucoses bonded in different orientations
        
        unable to be digested by human enzymes
        
        facilitate movement of contents through GI tract
        
        Glucose
        
        major carbohydrate providing energy
    - - needed to replace worn out protein structures
        
        major source of nitrogen
        
        needed for synthesizing DNA
        
        meat, dairy, poultry, fish, bean and nuts
      - plant based protein sources
        
        usually incomplete
        
        must obtain essential amino acids through complementary protein sources
  - - - PROTEINS
        
        formed from amino acids
        
        essential amino acids
        
        obtained from diet
        
        complete protein
        
        supplies essential amino acids
        
        nonessential amino acids
        
        made in the body
        
        incomplete protein
        
        low in one or more essential amino acids
      - CARBOHYDRATES
        
        monosaccharides
        
        disaccharides
        
        polysaccharides
      - LIPIDS
        
        hydrophobic molecules
        
        steroids
        
        triglycerides
        
        eicosanoids
        
        phospholipids
    - - organic molecules required for normal metabolism
        
        ESSENTIAL
        
        must be provided in diet
        
        vitamins A & C
        
        impaired absorption or intake
        
        dificiency
        
        WATER-SOLUBLE
        
        dissolve in water
        
        vitamins B & C
        
        excess excreted in urine
        
        NONESSENTIAL
        
        cofactors the body produces and recycles as needed
        
        NADH & FADH2
        
        FAT-SOLUBLE
        
        dissolve in fat
        
        vitamins A, D, E & K
        
        may be toxic if taken in excess
    - - inorganic ions obtained from the diet required in daily amounts
        
        SODIUM & POTASSIUM
        
        maintain resting membrane potential in excitable cells
        
        generate action potential
        
        IODINE
        
        needed to produce thyroid hormone
        
        CALCIUM
        
        formation and maintenance of bones
        
        blood clotting and exocytosis of neurotransmitters
        
        ZINC
        
        protein synthesis
        
        wound healing
        
        IRON
        
        hemoglobin
        
        binds oxygen
        
        mitochondria
        
        electron transport system
        
        binds electrons
    - - synthesis of new molecules
      - energy, maintenance, growth & repair
  - - - contain lipids and protein "wrap"
        
        Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDLs)
        
        assembled within liver
        
        released & circulate in blood
        
        release triglycerides to peripheral tissue
        
        primarily adipose
        
        Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLs)
        
        2 more items...
        
        High Density Lipoproteins (HDLs)
        
        proteins formed in liver
        
        released into blood without addition of lipid
        
        circulate through blood
        
        "fill" with lipids from peripheral tissue
        
        1 more item...
        
        good cholesterol
        
        transport lipid from arterial wall to liver
        
        risk factors correlated with high cholesterol
        
        cigarette smoking
        
        caffeine intake
        
        high saturated fat intake
        
        stress
        
        Statin Drugs
        
        lower blood cholesterol
        
        inhibitor of enzyme needed for cholesterol synthesis
- - - - Organic and Raw foods
        
        plant-based protein sources often incomplete
        
        does not consume butter
      - no source of lactose
      - no gluten
        
        main source of starch
        
        potatoes, bread
      - Lipids
        
        cholesterol
        
        animal-based products
- - - - unable to produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones, bile salts, fat soluble vitamins
  - - - lacks adequate amounts of triglycerides
        
        less energy or lack thereof
  - - - no maintenance and formation of bone cells
    - - less oxygen in blood
        
        pale skin
    - - unable to generate action potential