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An elderly female patient presents with blood in her urine. Patient has hx…
An elderly female patient presents with blood in her urine. Patient has hx of osteoporosis, DM II and high blood pressure.
DM II the long time will it will damage the kidneys and will will not be able to be release but it will build up in the body.
Large amounts of blood flow in the nephrons will caused for the vessels to narrow and harden this will prevent blood into the kidneys.
Patient has a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, high blood pressure and osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis treatment can damaged the kidneys because of the amount of calcium being absorb by the kidneys.
The patient could be having a inflammation of the kidney, urethra which this leads to blood in the urine.
Functions of urinary system: produces, stores and eliminates urine. filters nutrients and wasted products.
Structure of nephron: is composed of renal corpuscle and renal tubules. I the corpuscle there are capillaries called glomerulu and Bowman's capsule. collecting duct, distal and proximal convoluted tubule, efferent arteriole, loop of henle, peritubular capillary network, selective reabsorption.
Urinary system is made of : kidneys, ureters, urniary bladder and urethra.
Re-absorption during this process all molecules,ions, water and other necessary for the body to maintain homeostasis will go back to the blood after filtration.
Filtration which take place in the glomerulus. Involves the transfer of soluble components, like water and waste, form the blood to he glomerulus. it will filter any waste products that need to be excreted in urine.
Diabetes mellitus type 2: is when the body is resistant to insulin or when insulin is not being produce to help lower blood sugars.
Hypertension is when the force of blood the arterial walls is too high, its consider high blood pressure when its 140/90.
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If the kidneys are not able to properly filter waste this will lead to kidney failure and then the patient would have to be in dialysis to be able to filter the unwanted waste.
The effects that blood pressure cause on the kidneys is that over time it will cause arteries around the kidneys to narrow, weaken or harden, this will prevent for proper filtration.
Diabetic nephropathy is common complication of DM II, it can cause damage to the blood vessels clusters in the kidneys that filter waste from your blood.
How does DM II, hypertension and osteoporosis affect each other.
people with MD II will have a lower peak bone mass, which will lead to weakness of the bone. Hypertension and osteoporosis are common combination due to the calcium loss associated with BHP, which will contribute to weak bones and low bone density.
DM II will cause a higher amount of glucose in the blood, which will affect the flow of the blood vessels making it contract more strongly this will cause high blood pressure.
Hematuria could be cause due to a leakage in the urinary tract, UTI can also be the cause for blood in urine, this is when bacteria is in the urethra. Can be due to earl stages of kidney disease, or bladder cancer in more severe cases.