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Air (Composition of Clean Air (Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Small…
Air
Composition of Clean Air
Nitrogen (78%)
Oxygen (21%)
Small quantities of noble gases, water vapor, carbon dioxide
Rusting
iron + water + oxygen = hydrated iron (III) oxide
Rust prevention
Create a barrier between iron and oxygen and water so rusting does not occur.
Coating with plastic
Plating with non-reactive metal
Painting
Galvanization
Oil and grease
Sacrificial Protection
This method revolves on the idea that the metals higher up in the reactivity series will react in preference.
Oxidation of iron
Common pollutants in the Air
Carbon monoxide
Source: Incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances
A Poisonous gas that combines with hemoglobin in red blood cells preventing them from carrying oxygen.
Oxides of nitrogen
Source: Car engines
Respiratory problems. Also makes acid rain by combining with water vapor in the air.
Sulfur dioxide
Source: Combustion of fossil fuels
Makes acid rain, which can damage buildings and other life.
Reducing Sulfur Dioxide Emissions
Reducing the amount of sulfur added into petrol and diesel.
Desulfurisation
Calcium oxide is passed through a scrubber. Any sulfur dioxide in the waste gas reacts with the calcium oxide to form calcium sulfate.
