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Elderly female, history of osteoporosis, chronic type II diabetes mellitus…
Elderly female, history of osteoporosis, chronic type II diabetes mellitus, and high blood pressure. Noticed blood in her urine, kidney function?
Osteoporosis
In patients with kidney failure, more parathyroid hormone is released in the blood to move calcium from inside the bones into the blood worsening osteoporosis. In patients with kidney failure, the kidneys do not balance the mineral levels in the body properly
DM II
Diabetes can damage the blood vessels inside the kidneys causing renal failure. High blood sugar levels cause the blood vessels in the kidneys to become narrow and clogged affecting the glomerulus
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is harder on your kidneys because it exerts more stress and extra pressure on the glomerulus during filtration
Other Symptoms
Weight gain, swelling of the feet, nausea, weakness, high blood pressure, dry skin, trouble concentrating, fatigue
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Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion
PCT: absorption of nutrients, protein, water, ions. Secretion of drugs and nitrogenous waste
Nephron Loop: recovery of water, sodium chloride, ions from filtrate
DCT: reabsorbs sodium, water, calcium. Secretes potassium into the tubular fluid, regulates pH of urine
Collecting Duct: collects urine, transports it through the ureter to the bladder for secretion
Glomerulus: filtration of ions, water, nutrients, trace amount of proteins, and nitrogenous waste
General info on osteoporosis, DM II, and hypertension
Osteoporosis: a condition where the bones become more porous and loose the stability and strength of the bone marrow
DM II: when the body either does not produce insulin, or the body does not respond to insulin leading to increase levels of glucose
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