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Hardware: Physical components that create a computer system. (INTERNAL…
Hardware:
Physical components
that create a computer system.
INTERNAL
MOTHERBOARD
Printed circuit
board which allows the
processor and other hardware devices
to
work and communicate with each other
. It is like a ´hub´that other computer devices connect to directly or indirectly. It is made of a sheet of non-conductive material. The sheet has printed layers of aluminium which make the circuits. The motherboard has slots and sockets to connect other components.
RAM (random Access memory)
Internal chip
that contains
data temporarily stored when using applications
. It has a volatile and temporaly memory because its contents are lost when the computer turns off.Data can be written to and read from, this happens very fast because of its memory. RAM keeps the data, files or parts of the operating system that are in use.
VIDEO CARD
Sends graphical information from the computer to a video display device
, for example: monitor. Usually connects to a motherboard.
Made up of:memory unit, processing unit, cooling mechanism( in the form of a heat sink since video cards generate many heat), connections to display unit.
SOUND CARD
Integrated circuit board
that allows the
compute
r to
make sounds
. Also allows a user to
record sound input
from a microphone connected to the computer and to
change sound kept on a disk
.The sound is plug into the motherboard.
Methods to translate essential data into analogue signals
(for speakers):
FM synthesis
: mimics musical instruments depending on built-in formulas.
Wavetable synthesis
: recordings of real instruments to make sounds.
ROM (read-only memory)
Memory
that
stores permanent information and tells the computer how to boot
. This instructions are called the
BIOS
program. RAM can not be altered and can only be read. Its information is not lost when the computer is turned off. Non-volatile and very quick memory.
MAIN INTERNAL HARDWARE DEVICES COMPONENTS
.
HDD/SDD
RAM
CPU
, contained on the motherboard.
ROM
HDD (internal hard disk)/ SDD (solid state drive)
HDD: methods to store data
,
files and many system and application softwares
. It has a fast data transfer and access time, it also has a very big capacity to store data.
SDD: same function as HDD
but most
modern computers have
newer storage systems made up of solid state drive technology.
CPU (central processing unit)
Interprets and executes hardware and software
. Microprocessor made of many integrated circuits mixed in one or more circuit boards in the core of computers and in many households devices/equipements which need monitoring. It has a control unit that manipulates input and output devices, an arithmetic and logic unit and RAM.
EXTERNAL
OUTPUT DEVICES
carry important information out from the computer.
Temporary output devices
( send information temporary)
Example
Monitors
Permanent output devices
( the opposite of temporary output devices)
Example
Printer
SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES
store data that is not very important for the computer. It is also use to back-up data
in case that the original data is lost.
External storage
Memory stick
INPUT DEVICES
obtain data which has not been processed yet in the computer and that is ready to be processed
.
Manual input devices
(involves a user to input data)
Example
keyboard
Automatic input data
( input data on their own)
Example
Magnetic stripe reader
