Kidneys - filter blood, remove waste products, convert filtrate into urine, secrete EPO, regulate ions in blood (Na+, K+, Ca2+, PO43-), regulate H+ and HCO3- to maintain pH balance, regulate blood pressure through controlling fluid volume loss in urine
Nephrons - regulates water + soluble substances in blood by filtering blood, reabsorbing what is needed, and excreting the rest as urine. (Cortical - functions when there is sufficient water and produces more diluted urine; Juxtaglomerular- functions when there is not enough water/dehydrated and produces more concentrated urine.
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Renal Pelvis
Where nerves, blood vessels, and papillary duct pass through to transport out of kidney; where ureters begin