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Reasons European Imperial Expansion (Rivalry between powers (After…

- - - - to sell surplus
    - - raw materials
        
        Best possible price
      - colonial products
    - - outside Europe
        
        where cheaper labour
- - - - encouraged people
        
        to emigrate to
        
        colonies
        
        other continents
  - - - unemployment
      - strikes
      - etc
- - - - their areas of influence
        
        to
        
        increase
        
        political power
        
        decrease
        
        competitor's expansion
  - - - increase
        
        political power
        
        only by
        
        occupying other continets
  - - - since
        
        formed the strategic basis of military power
        
        impended rival's expansion
  - - - influence in international diplomacy
        
        leading to
- - - - without thinking about
        
        racist
        
        attitudes of the time
        
        nationalistic
  - - - intelligence
        
        gave it the right
        
        to impose itself on other races
      - industiousness
    - - in almost
        
        all European countries
    - - scientists
      - writers
      - politicians
      - philosophers
  - - - Europeans had a duty to spread their
        
        culture
        
        among "inferiors"
        
        civilisation
  - - - of each country
- - - - USA
      - EU WEST
        
        Industrialised economies
- - - - for technological innovations
        
        stimulated the relationship
        
        between
        
        banking and idustry
  - - - in fewer companies
  - - - signed agreements to
        
        set prices
        
        establish areas of influence
- - - - industrialised countries
    - - Half of the world's exports
      - three quarters of world's imports
      - controlled
        
        shipping routes
        
        major commercial ports
      - Had
        
        Large fleets
        
        Stock markets
  - - - advances in transport
      - opening of Suez and Panama canals
      - new sales methods
  - - - allowing to them to invest worldwide
        
        lent money to states
        
        invested in
        
        land
        
        industries
        
        transport
- - - - with the invention of
        
        scientific management
  - - - reduce time taken
      - lower costs
  - - - Mass production in USA
      - Assembly line in car plant
    - - stardised mass production
        
        allowed consumption
        
        to broader sectors of population
      - lower production costs
- - - - in 1869
        
        Gramme's industrial dynamo
      - in 1897
        
        Alternator and transformer
      - Many applications
        
        Industry
        
        Transport
        
        Communication systems
        
        Entertainment
        
        Lightning
    - - mid-19thc
        
        Extraction began at USA
      - in 1885
        
        with invention of combustion engine
        
        fuel for cars
        
        essentials in 20thc
  - - - Chemical industry
      - Aluminium industry
      - Automotive industry
      - Aviation industry
    - - in production of goods
    - - steel
        
        also developed
      - coal mining
      - Textiles
  - - - union between
        
        scientific research
        
        industry
      - Large labs funded by
        
        industrial companies
        
        state
        
        foundations
    - - quickly applied to revolutionary
        
        materials
        
        devices