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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER computer-05-1 (The Importance of Computers…
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
The Importance of Computers
Business and Industry
Publication Field
Education Field
Government Organizations
Medical Field
Science Field
Entertainment Field
Computer Performance and Features
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
Desktop
Made up of individual components
Not portable
Bigger display
Laptop
Lightweight personal computers
Small and portable
Run on electricity
Handheld
Used for specific everyday tasks,
such as managing personal data
Provide fewer
features
Work as cellular phones or digital cameras
Tablet
Allow you to write
directly on the screen by using a tablet pen
The tablet pen to perform mouse
functions
Do not need a keyboard and a mouse
THE ROLE OF MEMORY
Volatile Memory
Temporary memory of a computer
Nonvolatile Memory
The content stored on this type of
memory is retained after the computer is turned off
A device where information can be stored and retrieved
COMPUTER PERFOMANCE
Important factors that affect the overall performance of the
computer
CPU Speed
The rate at which the CPU can perform a task
Hard Disk Factors
Storage capacities as well as their speed of
data storage and retrieval
RAM
The active memory of the computer
Common Computer Terminology
HARDWARE
All the physical components of a computer
Keyboard
Mouse
Motherboard
Monitor
Hard disk
Cables
Printer
OPERATING SYSTEM
most important software on the computer
Controls and manages the hardware
Provides an interface that helps to interact with the computer
Ensures that computer is functioning properly
Windows XP/VISTA/7/8/10
text-based or graphics-based
PROGRAMS
Called applications, use this
platform to perform tasks
Allow you to perform tasks
writing letters
calculations
sending e-mail messages
Allow you to create illustrations
Play games
watch movies
Communicate with
other computer users
DATA
Can be in the form of text, graphics, audio,
or video depending on the type of program
Program processes the data and displays the
output on the screen
You can save this output in a file
NETWORK
Networks
LAN
Connects devices within a limited area
Small group of
offices
Home
Commonly includes computers and shared resources
Printers
Scanners
Networks
WAN
Connects devices in geographically separated
areas
Connect networks across different countries
Internet
INTERNET
Public networks that are
linked to each other for information exchange
Offers a range of services to its users
Similar to the Web but is accessible only to
authorized users of the organization
The Main Parts of a Computer
Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse, etc.)
Output Devices (Monitor, Speakers, etc.)
Central Processing Unit (CPU) and memory
Motherboard (Circuit Board)
Expansion Cards (Video Card, Sound Card, or NIC)
Hard Drive Ports and Connections (USB, Firewire, etc.)
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Computer Operating Systems
Provides a user interface
Provides utilities to configure your system
Manage computer resources
Secure data by controlling user access to a computer
