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STATES AND TERRITORIES ORGANISATION (STATE OF SPAIN (ELECTORAL PROCEDURES,…
STATES AND TERRITORIES ORGANISATION
TERRITORIES AND BORDERS
ORGANISATION: societys often organise their territory into subdivisions to make a country easier to manage: regions, provinces, districticts,etc. State´s territories are separated from other states by borders or frontiers
TYPES OF FRONTIERS
NATURAL FRONTIERS: are defined by natural relief features
POLITICAL FRONTIERS: are artificial frontiers and they are defined by geographical coordinates
STATE OF SPAIN
GOVERMENT SYSTEM
CHARACTERISTICS
Central State power is divided in: Legislative (Constitutional Court), Executive (National Parliament-Congress) and Judiclary.
After elections, the leader of the party of goverment becomes the president.
The system of goverment takes the form of a parliament monarchy
Spain has four different levels of Goverment: Central (Parliament), Autonomous Regions (17), each with its own Parliament and Goverment, Provinces (50) and Municipalitles (Councils headed by Mayor) Nowadays 8.122
LEVELS
1º Central Parliament
2º Parliament-Autonomous Regions-Goverment
3º Provinces
4º Municipalities-Council
5ºMayor
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF SPAIN
King
Legislative Power
Prime Minister
Goverment
Deputy Prime Minister
Minister
Secretaries of State
Judicial Power
Solicitor General and Supreme Court
General Council of the Judiclary
Constitutional Court
Executive Power
The "Cortés"
Congress of Diputies and Senate
Ombudsman and Court of Auditors
ELECTORAL PROCEDURES
The format of the ballot paper is designed by the Spanish state, however, the laws allow political parties to produce and distrtibute their own ballot papers
The format of the ballot paper is designed by the Spanish state, however, the laws allow political parties to produce and distrtibute their own ballot papers
On election day, polling statlons are run by electoral boards which consists of groups of citizens selected by lottery
Following the close of polls, the ballots are counted in each political partles and candidates to know which of them has get more votes
MONARCHY
KINGS IN 21TH CENTURY
FELIPE VI
He was proclaimed king the 19th of June of 2014 after his father abdication
Nowadays, he is married with Letizia Ortiz (queen of Spain) and they have two children.
He was born in Madrid in 1968.He is the current king of Spain, so he holds the head of state and the supreme commander of the Armed forces
STATES
PARTS
Territory or country: the geographical space which includes the land, the sea and air space
Laes: a set of rules to regulate and organise the people who live in the territory. The most important is the Constitution
CITIZENS: the people who live in a territory
The branches of goverment: There are threee branches of goverment: legislative, executive and judicial.
FUNCTIONS
National security: it ensures that national and international laws are obeyed, and defends the national territory and its citizens for external agression
Economic well-being: to ensure and efficient economy and adequate economic growth.
International relations: consist on the defend the interests of citizens against harm from other countries. Alliances with other states help to protect common interests (cooperation)
Social services: these provide the basic services for all citizens, such as food and water, housing, health care and education. A welfare state is a state that guarantees the economic and social well-being odf its citizens
TYPES
CLASIFICATION BY POWER
DEMOCRACY
There are laws to guarantee citizens´s rights and liberties. They are equal before the law. The laws are generally written in the Constitution.
There is separation of power into three branches of goverment.
Citizens elect their goverment and political representatives, who are from different political parties
DICTATORSHIP
Political parties are prohibited
Laws do not respect citizens´s rights
Political system in which all the power of a state is concerned in one leader or in a small group
The goverment uses repression to ban or destroy political oposition
There is no universal suffrage and citizens cannot elect their representatives.
NORMAL CLASIFICATION
Monarchy: the Head of State is the King or queen. There are constitutional monarchies ( king + Constitution) and absolute monarchies.
Republic: the Head of the State is the president. There are democratic republics and single-party ones, which is a type of dictatorship.
International Relations: They can be based on cooperation or conflict
European Union
Characteristics:there are 28 member states (with the UK),it has created 4 criteria to make a country,which are to have a population, a defined territory, a defined territory and the capacity to into relations with other states.The most important that consist that the people needs to think that territory is acountry, thats why the EU is not a country
It has two zones: the Eurozone and the Schengen Zone. The Eurozone is the one where there aren´t border controls between countries that want to leave the European Union. The Schengen Zone is the one that provides countries that are within the euro as there sole legal currency
ADVANTAGES: You can move between contries without passing border control. You can aslo work between them without a Visa and you use the same currency.Another advantage is that there are elections to a single parliament and there´s a single goverment with oficial languages and a single market