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Congenital Heart Disease (risk factors (smoking during pregnancy (fetus…
Congenital Heart Disease
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etiology
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genetic mutation
TBX5 mutation, GATA4 mutation, NKX2.5 mutation
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Pathophysiology of VSD
most common chd in infants, due to incomplete closure of the heart
cause blood flow to lungs increase, causing pulmonary hypertension and high pressure in right heart --> later cause cyanosis due to unsufficient O2 throughout the body
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sign and symptoms
Pulmonary hypertension due to presence of hole causing right-to-left shunt --> increasing pulmonary blood flow
Cyanosis due to left-to-right shunt blue blood will pumped out towards the body rather than lungs --> lack of oxygen
Clubbing finger nails due to pulmo hypertension causing increase blood volume in right ventricle meaning more blood will pump towards the body causing vasodilation
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