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C10. Introduction to Parasitology - KBO10202 (Important Terminologies -…
C10. Introduction to Parasitology - KBO10202
Important Terminologies - definition
Parasite
A organism lives at the expense of its host
Host
An organism provide food and shelter to other organism.
Vector
Agent that carries&transmit an infectious pathogen
Types of parasite
Based on location
Endoparasite
a parasite,such as a tapeworm,that lives
inside
its host
Ectoparasite
a parasite,such as flea, lice that lives on the
outside
(surface) of its host
Based on
size
Macroparasite
Def:
Any parasite that is visible to the naked eye.
Example:fleas, mites, lice
Microparasite
example: E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae
A microparasite is a subcategory of parasite that is short-lived , smaller than other parasites,and reproduce within its host
General classification:
Protozoa
placed into various groups primarily on the basis of how they move.
The groups are called phyla (singular, phylum)
Helminth / Parasitic Worm
Large macroparasites : adults can generally be seen with naked eye.
Arthropod
Invertebrate animals in the phylum. segmented bodies, external skeletons and joined appendages.
Types of host
Definitive Host
an organism in which the parasite reaches
maturity
and
reproduces sexually
, if possible. This is the final host.
Example 1: Toxoplasma gondii (a parasite) in cats.
Intermediate host
An intermediate host is an organism that hosts the
asexual form
of the parasite. Usually supports the non-reproductive or immature forms of parasites.
Example 1: Toxoplasma gondii in human, cow.
Paratenic host
Example: Housefly
a potential or substitute intermediate host that serves until the appropriate definitive host is reached, and in which no development of the parasite occurs; it may or may not be necessary to the completion of the parasite's life cycle.
Types of vector
Mechanical vector
Life cycle is not involved.
Housefly transfer bacteria E.coli.
Biological vector
Life cycle involved in the vector either full or a part of it.
Example: female Anopheles mosquito carries malaria parasite and also as a part of the life cycle.