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70 yr old, F, elderly. Has respiratory problems after moving to higher…

- - - - less oxygen in the air
      - colder, less dense, dry air
      - breathing is more difficult
- - - - effects on respiration
        
        cough
        
        produces pink and frothy sputum
        
        wheezing
        
        fluid build up in the lungs
        
        shortness of breath
      - can be deadly and fatal in untreated
        
        can progress to dyspnea, coma, death
- - - - swelling of airways
    - - inflammation of lung tissue
        
        can develop scarring in lungs (fibrosis)
    - - inflammation of the bronchial tubes
        
        coughing thickened mucus
        
        shortness of breath
        
        dry cough
- - - - ciliated cells
        
        lines trachea and beonchi
      - basal cells
      - goblet cells
        
        secrete mucous to trap debris and pathogen
  - - - nasal cavity
      - sinuses
      - pharynx
      - larynx
    - - trachea
      - lungs
      - bronchi
      - diaphragm
- - - - alveoli
        
        tiny balloon like expansions
        
        together make a alveoli sac
        
        covered with a network of pulmonary capillaries
        
        form respiratory membrane also called blood air barrier
        
        oxygen passes from alveolus into blood
        
        CO2 leaves blood to enter gas-filled alveolus
        
        allows gas exhange
        
        part of respiratory zone structures
        
        walls composed of squamous epithelial cells
        
        type I alveolar cells
        
        type II alveolar cells
        
        secrete surfactant
        
        coats gas-exposed alveolar surfaces
        
        secrete antimicrobial proteins
- - - - hypoxia