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LIFE CYCLE IN ANGIOSPERMS (FLOWER STRUCTURE (IMPERFECT FLOWER (STAMINATE :…
LIFE CYCLE IN ANGIOSPERMS
TWO BASIC GROWTH MODES
SEED DEVELOPMENT
6 STAGES
PLANT GROWTH
CHLOROPLAST IN LEAVE CONVERT ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT, CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER INTO SUGAR THAT LATER STORED IN ROOT AND STEM
SUGAR AND STARCH CHANGED INTO ENERGY AND LATER USED TO MAKE NEW PLANT GROWTH
LEAVE EMERGES TO START PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS
ROOT ABSORB WATER AND NUTRIENTS, WHILE STEM GROW LONGER TOWARDS SUNLIGHT AND TRANSPORT WATER AND FOOD
NEW LEAVE GROW FROM MERISTEM
FLOWER BUD DEVELOP
REPRODUCTION
ONCE POLLEN TRAPPED, IT TRAVEL DOWN THE STYLE AND TO THE OVARY, WHERE EGGS WAITING TO BE FERTILIZED
THE FERTILIZED EGG WILL BECOME SEEDS
SEED GERMINATION
EPIGEAL
COTYLEDON BROUGHT ABOVE THE GROUND DUE TO ELONGATION OF HYPOCOTYL
HYPOGEAL
COTYLEDON REMAIN IN THE SOIL DUE TO ELONGATION OF EPICOTYL
POLLINATION
DEPENDS ON INSECTS, BIRDS, WIND, WATER OR OTHER POLLINATORS TO CARRY POLLEN FROM MALE PART TO FEMALE PART
SEED DEVELOPMENT
DICOT
CONSIST OF TWO COTYLEDONS
MONOCOT
CONSIST OF ONE COTYLEDON
SEED DISPERSAL
MANY WAYS SUCH AS THROUGH WIND, WATER OR FUR OF ANIMALS
VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT
MAINTAIN ITS VEGETATIVE STATES UNTIL UNDERGOES CHANGES
DEVELOP FROM SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM (SAM)
REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT
APICAL MERISTEM CHANGE TO BECOME INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM (IM)
DEVELOP SMALL LEAVES BEFORE PRODUCED FLORAL MERISTEM (FM)
PHASES OF PLANT LIFE CYCLE (ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS)
GAMETOPHYTE GENERATION
PRODUCE GAMETE AND ZYGOTE FROM WHICH SPOROPHYTE ARISES
HAPLOID PHASE
PRODUCED BY MEIOSIS
PRODUCED SEXUALLY
GENERATED BY FERTILIZATION OF GAMETE
SPOROPHYTE GENERATION
DIPLOID PHASE
PRODUCE SPORE THAT WILL DEVELOP INTO GAMETOPHYTE
PRODUCED BY MITOSIS
PRODUCED ASEXUALLY
GENERATED BY GERMINATION OF SPORE
GAMETE PRODUCTION
POLLEN GRAIN
CONSIST OF TWO LAYERS OF WALL
EXINE (OUTER WALL) : COMPOSED OF TAPETUM AND MICROSPORE)
INTINE (INNER WALL) : PRODUCES BY MICROSPORE
CONSIST OF GENERATIVE CELL ALONG WITH TWO NUCLEI AND TUBE CELL
MALE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURE
FOUND IN ANTHER OF STAMEN
KNOWN AS MICROGAMETOPHYTE
PRODUCE SPERM CELL
OVULE
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURE
PRODUCE EGG CELL
KNOWN AS MEGAGAMETOPHYTE
FOUND IN OVARY OF CARPEL
CONSIST OF INTEGUMENT, NUCELLUS AND EMBRYO SAC
FLOWER STRUCTURE
IMPERFECT FLOWER
STAMINATE : LACK CARPEL AND ONLY HAVE STAMEN
CARPELATE : LACK STAMEN AND ONLY HAVE CARPEL
A FLOWER WITH MALE AND FEMALE PARTS
COMPLETE FLOWER
A FLOWER WITH SEPAL, PETAL, STAMEN AND CARPEL
PERFECT FLOWER
A FLOWER WITH MALE AND FEMALE PARTS
INCOMPLETE FLOWER
A FLOWER THAT IS MISSING EITHER SEPAL, PETAL, STAMEN OR CARPEL
FLOWER DEVELOPMENT
COROLLA
CONSIST OF A GROUP OF PETALS
WHITE OR BRIGHTLY-COLOURED
TO ATTRACT INSECTS FOR POLLINATION
STAMEN
UNIT OF ANDROECIUM
CONSIST OF LONG FILAMENT WITH ANTHER AT THE TIP
CALYX
CONSIST OF A GROUP OF SEPALS
USUALLY GREEN AND LEAF-LIKE
TO PROTECT FLOWER
CARPEL / PISTIL
CONSIST OF STIGMA, STYLE AND OVARY, THUS OFTEN CALLED AS PISTIL
UNIT OF GYNOECIUM
PLANT TYPES
MONOECIOUS
THE STAMINATE AND CARPELATE OCCUR ON SAME PLANT
DIOECIOUS
THE STAMINATE AND CARPELATE OCCUR ON DIFFERENT PLANT