Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
COGNITIVE VIEWS OF LEARNING (COMPLEX COGNITIVE PROCESS (Thinking (Problem…
COGNITIVE VIEWS OF LEARNING
DEFINITION OF LEARNING IN COGNITIVE VIEW : Learning is relatively enduring change in mental structures that occurs as a result of the interaction of an individual with the environment.
INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL
Attention
The concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli
Automatic and conscious process
Determines what kind of information received from the five sense to be processed in memory stage.
Perception
Putting meaning of sensory inputs or a process to sort out information received from the environment as important or not important
Gestalt's Principle of Perceptual Grouping
Similarity
Closure
Proximity
Continuity
Figure-ground
Memory
Refers to the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved
Stages of Memory
Retrieval
Forgetting
Storing
CONCEPT FORMATION & KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION
Concept Formation : Process to think and form concepts resulted from direct experience with the environment in which individual develop concept
Theories
Rule theory
Prototype theory
Exemplar theory
Knowledge representation : The way in which the information might be encoded in LTM and which can be operated on by a variety of mental processes
Types
Declarative
Schemas
Proposition
Images
Mental representation that keeps the same structure or appearances as the original information
The smallest unit of meaning and can be thought of as an assertion that is subject to be true or false
Networks of facts and concepts that provide a structure for making sense of a new information
Procedural
Scripts
Production
If/Then rules stating an action to be performed and the condition under which such action should be undertaken
A schema representation for a procedure or events
COMPLEX COGNITIVE PROCESS
Refers to using or transforming previously learned or acquired knowledge and skills for various reasons in daily life
Transfer of learning is extending what has been learned in one context to another new contexts
Types of transfer
Positive transfer
which is something that was learned in the past facilitate new learning or solving new problem
Factors affecting Positive Transfer
Meaningfulness of original learning
Similarity between original and new contexts
Level of students' knowledge
Metacognitive skills
Transfer instruction
The context of the original learning
Negative transfer
is something that was learned in the past hinders new learning
Metacognition : An individual's cognition about his/her thinking or knowing about knowing
Knowledge of cognition
Control of cognition
Categories of metacognition knowledge
Declarative
Procedural
Conditional
Thinking
Problem solving
Creative thinking
Critical thinking
Decision making
Reasoning