Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Evolution and Behaviour (Sexual Selection (Parental investment (Includes…
Evolution and Behaviour
Social Behaviour
Types of interactions
Altruism
Reciprocal altruism
Proving help to someone
Believe they will return favour
Self-sacrifice to help another
Common among related individuals
Co-operation
Working together
Positive outcome
Spitefulness
Both parties lose
Causing another to suffer
Mutual Protection
Caused by group interactions
Also receive assistance
Sexual Selection
Parental investment
Includes time and resources
Involvement in reproduction
Intrasexual Selection
Competing for opposite sex
Intersexual Selection
Attractive features
Lead to reproduction
Traits developed
To compete for reproduction
Culture
Behaviours from a society
Purpose of Culture
Provide practices, values, goals
Sharing of knowledge
Promote survival and reproduction
Effects of Agriculture
Established patriarchal systems
Provide legal systems
Moral and religious systems
Transfer of precious resources
Learning Unit 2
Relationship between Nature & Nurture
Nature
Our heredity predispositions
DNA
Genetics
Nurture
Environmental factors & experiences
Born as blank slate
Francis Galton coined term
Building Blocks of Behaviour
Gene
Small segment of DNA
Building blocks of characteristics
Allele
Type of gene
Receive one from mom
Receive one from dad
Genotype
Profile of alleles
Instructions for genetic makeup
Genetic Expression
Genotype is used
Type of protein is provided
Phenotype
Observable characteristics
Produced by genotype
Homozygous
Having 2 identical alleles
Heterozygous
Having 2 different alleles
Dominant
Will be expressed phenotypically
Feature of allele
Determines phenotype
Recessive
Phenotype won't be produced
Unless alleles are homozygous
Mechanisms of Evolution
Evolution
Descent with modification
Has common ancestor
Can result from different factors
Natural Selection
Strongest genotypic characteristics survive
Weaker genotypes don't reproduce
Mutation
Errors in DNA
Caused by reproduction/ damage
Can be advantageous/ disadvantageous
Migration
Movement to new location
Some alleles may die
Some may flourish
Genetic drift
Changes within generations
Occurs due to chance
One gene is spread more
Fitness
Success of genotype reproduction
Relative to other genotypes
Dependent on environment
Adaptation
Evolutionary change
Becoming better suited to environment
Behavioural or anatomical adaptations