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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Clinical Manifestations (Progressive…
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Definition
Disease of an unknown cause in which there is a loss of motor neurons, in anterior horn of the spinal cord an the motor nuclei of the lower brain stem. As the cell degenerate the muscles that they supply undergo atrophic changes
Clinical Manifestations
Progressive weakness
Spatiality
Atrophy of muscles of the trunk and legs
Regurgitation of food contents
Difficulty in swallowing
Speaking and aspiration becomes a risk
Management
Administer Rilizole- has nervous protective effect in the early stages,
Administer symptomatic treatment: bactofen, valum, danctolene sodium
Nurse is to improve and maintain function, well being and quality of life, by assisting patient with needs self care, bowel movement and urination
Bed red rest and removal of potential medical legal hazards to prevent falling or injury
Prescribe physiology therapy sessions
Diagnostics Test
Palpation
Neurologic Assessment
Muscle Reflex Test
Degenerative Disk Disease
Pathophysiology
A ball like cushion in the centre of the disk, nucleu pulposus, in herniation of the intervertebral disk the nucleous of the disk protrudes into the the annuls with subsequent nerve compression .
Protrusion or rupture of the nucleus pulposus usually is perceeded by degenerative changes that occurs with age
The intevertebral disk is a catilaginous form of a cushion between vertebral bodies
Clinical Manifestations
A herniated disk with accompanying pain occur,
Protrusion in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar
Inability to stand without aid
Loss of balance
Reduced co-ordination of motor an sensory function
Management
Surgery; descectomy, laminectomy, partial laminictomy, foramonotomy
Conservative management with bed rest and analgesic agents
Prescription of physiotherapy session
Nurse patient in strict bed rest
Remove any medico legal hazard that might cause falls or injury
Diagnostic Test
X-ray
Physical Examination
Palpation
DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS