Elderly male patient with stomach cancer; feeding tube to bypass esophagus, stomach, & duodenum; and gallbladder removed
mouth = no saliva containing enzymes for chemical digestion and no teeth grinding for mechanical digestion
stomach = no mechanical digestion from muscularis, no enzymes or acids to break down food, and no alkaline mucus to reduce the acid levels to protect the intestinal walls from erosion
gallbladder = no juices to breakdown fats
What can't occur:
Organs of Digestive Tract
feeding tube inserted which bypasses mouth, esophagus, stomach, & duodenum
stomach cancer and removal of gallbladder
Stomach: Smooth Muscle Contractions = Mechanical
Acids & Enzymes = Chemical
Small Intestine: -finishes the chemical part of digestion
-responsible for most nutrient absorption with help of Vili and Microvili
Large Intestine: -absorbs water & electrolytes
-compacts remaining material into feces
Mouth, Pharynx, & Esophagus: -Teeth = Mechanical
-saliva containing enzymes = Chemical
Fundus
Body
Cardia
Pyloric Part
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anus
Transverse Colon
Descending Colon
Ascending Colon
Sigmoid Colon
Basic Nutrients
Enzymes for Digestion
Liver & Gallbladder
Pancreas
Stomach
Small Intestine
Mouth
Salivary Lipase = breaks down lipids
Salivary Amylase = breaks down carbs
Intrinsic Factors from Parietal Cells = absorb Vitamin B12
Pepsin from Chief Cells = breaks down proteins
HCL from Parietal Cells = aids in chemical digestion and kills most microorganisms
Gastric Lipase from Chief Cells = breaks down fats
Bicarbonate from Acinar Cells =
Trypsin from Acinar Cells = breaks down proteins
Pancreatic Lipase from Acinar Cells = breaks down fats
Pancreatic Amylase from Acinar Cells = breaks down carbs
Bile = emulsifies lipids (mechanical)
Brush Border Enzymes from microvilli = break polymers down to their monomer, ex: lactase
He will need to have sustenance supplied to him that is watered down and properly broken down in order for the rest of his small intestine to absorb nutrients and his large intestine to absorb water
No mucus to increase or decrease acidity
If food is not broken down properly, there not be proper absorption of nutrients
No mechanical and very little chemical digestion
Carbs, Proteins, Fats
Minerals & Vitamins
Water