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Geography of North America (Mormons (Joseph Smith created Mormon religion,…
Geography of North America
Main Geographical Areas in the North
Plains - empty grassland
Rocky Mountains
Natural Boundries
Mississippi River
Appalachian Mountains
Hot temperatures during the day, freezing during the night, not much can live there due to dramatic change in temperature.
Plains
Also known as the Great American Desert
Lies between Mississippi River and Rocky Mountains
Considered uninhabitable as dramatic temperature change between day and night.
Called Great American Desert on early maps.
Flat, vast and bison inhabited.
Rocky Mountains
Uneven
Cold
Mountain Men (Guides)
Manifest Destiny
Government exaggerated what it was like
Created propaganda posters to encourage people to go.
Belief that God wanted white Americans to spread across and populate the whole of America - it was their ‘right’ and their 'duty'.
Anyone who didn't believe it, was seen as a traitor to their family, God and to America.
Given 160 acres of land for free if farmed for 5 years.
Wagons and Railways
Wagons slow moving
Took a long time to get places.
Attacked by Native Americans
Roads weren't flat - bumpy rides.
Little room for people as they brought all of their stuff
Struggle to go up and down mountains and go through rivers
Gold Rush
Nicknamed 49ers
Gold was found in 1848
Took a year for people to get to America, the surge of people was in 1849, hens 49ers.
Not many people found Gold - miserable/depressed
Mining Towns
Fights were frequent
No regulations
No law or order
They all had weapons
Gangs formed
Claim Jumping increased - people stealing others' gold and mining plots.
Prices of everything increased
Overpopulated
Homelessness
Mormons
Joseph Smith created Mormon religion
Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints (JCLDS)
"Angel came down and told him to find 5 golden plates” which he published in the book of Mormon.
He tried to convert people.
He owned a bank
He wanted to run for president.
Moved West Under Brigham Young
Joseph Smith - tarred and feathered
Practised polygamy
Freed slaves to join them
Mormons wanted control over law and order
Brigham Young made deals with people to move the Mormons West as quickly as possible
Brigham Young created 800 cabins to stay in during the winter to prevent deaths and increase population size.
Brigham Young moved them to Salt Lace City as nobody wanted it, called it the "promised land" and moved there quickly to reduce violence and deaths
Mormons wanted to be isolated and Salt Lake City was away from civilisation.
Young helped plant potatoes, turnips, built a dam and held a solemn ceremony to dedicate the area as their "Promised Land"
By the end of construction of the village, there were more than 2000 Mormons
Native Americans
Nomadic - they are like gypsies, never live in same spot for long
Hunted buffalo
Used it for food, equipment, clothes etc. nothing was wated.
Lived in tipis. Could be put up and down in seconds - aids nomadic lifestyle.
Used a horse as currency/trade and to drag their possessions to their next place to live.
Tipis were clever as they were good in all temperatures - hot, cool inside tipi. Cold, warm inside tipi
Hunted buffalo using various methods: Buffalo jump - lour Bison off cliff; Hunting and more.
buffalo skin was used to make tipis and clothes, buffalo bones were glued together to make cutlery and buffalo fat was used as soap. There were so many other uses for the buffalo.
Women - looking after the children, planting crops, decorating clothes and their tipis with beads and quills, often with religious meaning.
Scalping, enemies scalps cut off, symbol of fear and superiority, hung on top of tipi, the more you had the better. Seen to kill the person, inside, not laterally.
Indian Removal act of 1830 gave land to the Native Americans to live on and it was to be theirs for all eternity. This was mostly the great plains which Americans didn’t want.
Whites and Natives
Inflicted pain
Screamed
Performed rituals
Natives seen as barbariac
Warred
Faught
Stole
Raided
Killed
How they used buffalos
Whites and Natives had cultural clashes
Whites and Natives had Land disputes
Whites and Natives had criminal acts committed on both sides
Constant wars between them
Both were violent towards eachother
Both sides disagreed on everything