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Liver Cancer (Risk Factors (Black and Hispanics are more than likely to…

- - - - Staging and treatment based on:
        
        Size, extent of primary tumor, hepatic nodule number, functional index, and Child-Pugh score (encephalopathy, ascites, total bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin) (Messaoudi, Mtibaa, Gargouri, Jaziri, Grand-Brochier, ... Fourati, 2019)
        
        Child-Pugh Scores: a significant prognostic factor to help intermediate-stage HCC patients who'll undergo chemoembolization (Yamakado, Miyayama, Hirota, Mizunuma, Nakamura, ... & Yamaguchi, 2014)
- - - - Alterations of genes and epigenes, therefore, affecting the pathway to suppress tumor genes from advancing (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)
        
        Carcinoma activity invades hepatic and portal veins; which often spreads to the heart and lungs (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)
        
        Usually metastases to the brain, kidneys, and the spleen (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)
    - - Men are usually found to have this type of liver cancer and are usually seen in the Southeast Asia regions (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)
        
        Fluke infestation occurs and parasite secretions, immunopathology, and mechanical damage happens (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)
        
        Combined (mixed) hepatocellular-cholangiocellular carcinoma is a combined form of HCC (Huether, 2019, pp. 1362-63)