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BHP (Industrial revolution ((Halstead - Wear gloves, hats, and gowns…
BHP
Industrial revolution
James Simpson - He discovered chloroform by chance. Queen Victoria used it during childbirth and then people widely accepted it. Chloroform led to the black period in surgery and people were dying as doctors were going too deep into the body.
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Halstead - Wear gloves, hats, and gowns during surgery
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Pasteur - Germ theory. Disproved Spontaneous Generation. He discovered it by chance after investigating why wine and beer often went sour.
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Chadwick realised that people were dying younger in urban areas because of their poor living conditions
1st public health. Non-compulsory. By 1853 only 103 towns had set up the board of health. By 1854 it was abolished
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Medieval
Churches set up medical schools to teach Galen's ideas. Medieval hospitals were run by nuns and monks so they didn't treat illness as they thought it was sent from God
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Most people got their water from local springs, wells or rivers.
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Islamic world
Rhazes (860-923) He set up a hospital is Baghdad in after seeing where meat rotted the slowest. He wrote about 200 medical books. Rhazes was the first person to observe the differences between smallpox and measles
Islamic world impact - They knew how eyes worked which
led to cameras
Surgeons made surgical tools such
as scaples and stitches
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Ibn-al Nafis (1213-1288) Disproved Galen. He was the first person to describe the pulmonary circulation of the blood. He hypothesized that blood rose into the lungs via the arterial vein and then circulated into the left cavity of the heart
Modern World
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Liberal Social Reforms. School meals act, schools have medical officers, pensions and sick leave
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Renaissance
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Types of surgery - dental, setting broken bones, caesareans, removing boils, cauterising, amputation